In a previous study, Agarwal and his team found that men who used their cell phones more than four hours a day had significantly lower sperm quality than those who used their cell phones for less time.
This was not due to a technical flaw in the previous study, but just because the data available at the time was not rigorous enough to reach a definitive conclusion.
The report also compares the U.S. perspective with that of other countries that have adopted or are in the process of adopting IFRS. For example, a previous ACCA study of IFRS adoption in Europe found that the benefits of adoption were greatest in countries with high institutional quality and where stock markets are more important to finance than bond markets or banking.
FORBES: U.S. Exceptionalism and Accounting Standards: Investors' Viewpoint
He did a previous study in younger adults, finding that CBT was superior to pills.
The energy sector continues to see merger and acquisition activity (See a previous discussion in Case Study: Buyouts Crystallize Value in the Market).
Immigration from Mexico, the home country of a majority of newcomers to the U.S., declined 3% in January from the previous year, the Inter-American Development Bank reported in a recent study.
"Habsu, " one 32-year-old woman in Heller's study, contracted a fistula in her ninth pregnancy and has had three previous surgeries, all of which have failed.
Professor Perls explained that a previous study had looked at longevity in a group of people belonging to the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
But in his response, Topol looks at data from a previous study that compared 390 patients taking Vioxx to 588 patients taking a placebo.
"A previous study on the genetics of placebo in social anxiety disorder showed that it is serotonin that is associated to placebo responsiveness and not dopamine, " he said.
The decline was the third consecutive drop and follows a more than 20 percent decrease in the previous year's study, which also blamed the storms as well as summer heat.
However, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, an arm of the Justice Department, cautioned that the previous study was based on a survey of current inmates in both state and federal institutions.
AstraZeneca (nyse: AZN - news - people ) is already starting to pool data from this study with a previous one, Sportif III, in which patients knew which drug they were getting.
Half the students in the study said that they had not taken a single course in the previous semester requiring more than twenty pages of writing.
The yellow-footed wallaby of the Yellow Tail label inspired so many imitations (from Little Penguin to Black Swan) that a 2008 Nielsen study showed 18% of all new wine launches in the previous three years were "critter" brands.
WSJ: Can Australian Shiraz Come Leaping Back? | On Wine by Lettie Teague
He added that the big drop in LDL, or "bad" cholesterol, seen in the study is consistent with previous evidence for Zetia and Vytorin, and that a wealth of clinical data going back decades links lowering LDL to preventing heart attacks, deaths and other heart problems.
He said one former employer had reacted badly to a previous study he carried out on the subject as it had "hit international press in India which was a big market for the university".
Even maintaining just one of the routines--all of which, on their own, have been linked to a lower risk of childhood obesity in previous studies--lowered the odds that a child would be obese by about 25 percent, the study found.
In a third international study of 515 senior executives, emotional intelligence was a better predictor of success than either relevant previous experience or high IQ.
Like much of the previous research on coffee, the study was based on survey data -- in this case, a single questionnaire distributed in the mid-1990s -- that may provide an incomplete picture of the participants' overall health and lifestyle.
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