In each case, the resulting image is focused by a clever arrangement of lenses on to a three-layer sandwich made of special materials.

ECONOMIST: Curtains for celluloid

In addition to warding off droves of camera-clad onlookers at otherwise highly personal events, this type of arrangement guarantees both an image the stars approve of and a sum of money they pocket or, in many cases, donate to charity.

FORBES: Magazine Article

This arrangement makes the chip particularly suitable for image-processing, because each analogue element of the array can be made to correspond to a single pixel (one of the individual dots of which an image is composed).

ECONOMIST: Analogue computing