Polar bears in the southern latitudes have been accustomed to ice-free summers since well before the Industrial Revolution.
We were there in early March, and the harbor was ice-free, which is also very unusual for that region.
During the ice-free seasons on the Great Lakes, ships competed with railroads, so Chicago had the cheapest rates to the East.
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In fact, the Arctic Ocean may have been virtually ice-free in September.
The Gulf Stream has not shut down, hurricanes are not becoming more frequent, the North Pole is not ice-free, etc.
Argo is a global fleet of 3000 data collection ships that collect high-quality temperature and salinity profiles from the upper 2000m of the ice-free global ocean.
Already China has built a new road, giving its landlocked Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces efficient access to Rajin, Asia's most northerly year-round ice-free port.
St Petersburg's popularity is down to its ice-free port, rail links and well-educated workforce and the can-do approach of the governor, Valentina Matviyenko, Russia's leading female politician.
We can't promise your trip to the airport will be ice-free, but there won't be any icy buildup on the plane getting you to your holiday destination.
Only a few years ago, researchers predicted the Arctic could be ice-free in the summer by the end of this century, but some now fear it could be sooner.
By the mid-2030s, scientists have predicted that the Arctic will be ice-free for at least one month of every summer, which will expand to two-to-three ice-free months by around mid-century.
They will also argue that the only way to prevent the Arctic becoming entirely ice-free in summers in the coming decades is to make drastic cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
Obviously the Arctic Ocean was nearly or completely ice-free at the end of summer for centuries or even millennia, and still the polar bear survived and the Inuit culture radiated.
There is even a plan for a naval port in Nanisivik, in the territory of Nunavut, and up to eight Arctic patrol vessels to fly the flag in the increasingly ice-free far north.
Computer models have been predicting that the Arctic will not be ice-free, even for a short time in late summer, until 2040, and at present only icebreakers and the occasional lone yachtsman are getting through.
St Petersburg owes its popularity to its ice-free port, good rail links and well-educated workforce, as well as the can-do approach of the governor, Valentina Matviyenko, who has promised to turn the city into Russia's Detroit.
To the casual reader, the shrinking area of white seemed to signify disappearing ice, so the graphic may have given a totally misleading impression that Greenland had become ice-free - even where the ice is 3km thick.
For a number of reasons, computer models with added atmospheric carbon dioxide preferentially warm the mid-and high-latitude land areas of the northern hemisphere that are ice-free, which also enhances summer melting of the relatively shallow ice in the Arctic Ocean.
Since about 2002, the satellite data record has indicated that the downward trends in summer ice cover have accelerated, with the implication that a seasonally ice-free Arctic ocean may be realized sooner than projected by our most advanced climate models.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which releases the third of three reports into the causes, consequences and mitigation of global warming in Thailand this week, the Arctic could be ice-free in summer by the latter part of the 21st century.
The crew is also responsible for keeping the ice litter-free, the most common projectiles being hats tossed onto the rink after a player scores a hat trick a third goal in the same game.
In fact, a sleep-eater hopped up on Ambien would be hard-pressed to taste anything strange in these mouth-watering items: Dreyer's sugar-free ice cream bars for dogs called Frosty Paws, Nestles' prepared stews that come in a Tupperware-like container, or Iams five kinds of savory sauce, roasted turkey, pot roast beef, sizzling bacon, and that old dog favorite, country-style chicken.
They pay for free Google-branded ice cream at its Mountain View, Calif. cafeteria.
Inside the conference hall, shareholders munched on Starbucks chocolate ice-cream, and drank cup after cup of free Starbucks coffee.
Further loss of Arctic ice will see radiation absorbed by darker seawater and snow-free land, potentially warming the Earth's climate at an even faster rate than current observational data indicates.
And they could not have a better example to learn from than model pro Alexander, who put his remarkable injury-free campaign down to his daily use of ice baths after training.
That was a drop, but not to the guilt-free level enjoyed by those who had undergone trial by ice.
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The WMO reported that the seasonal minimum, reached on September 9, was 35% below the 1979-2000 average and the second-lowest on record with both the Northwest and Northeast passages ice free for periods during the summer.
Their holiday package included entry into several events - the women's downhill, curling, ice hockey, figure skating, free dance, freestyle aerials and the Nordic combined.
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