By 1998, the drug, then known as PS-341, had advanced into early-stage human testing.
Pfizer has begun human testing of a pill that stimulates growth-hormone release in the body.
Fifty-seven new compounds are in human testing, triple the size of its disclosed pipeline in 2002.
The pickings are good, he says, with more experimental biotech drugs in late-stage human testing than ever before.
It is one of a new wave of ultratargeted treatments moving through human testing at drug and biotech companies.
The next step for the team is to get the drug licensed for large animal and eventual human testing.
As Sugen headed toward costly large-scale human testing of SU5416 in 1999, it needed a collaborator with a fat wallet.
GlaxoSmithKline, the first drug titan to pursue genomics, partnered with HGS but has produced only two drugs now in human testing.
Lately, big pharma has been known to pledge hundreds of millions of dollars on medicines that haven't even entered human testing.
Some early fruits of this new understanding have already produced drugs now in final-stage human testing by such companies as Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Some early fruits of this new understanding have already produced drugs now in final-stage human testing by companies such as Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
Both Sugen and Genentech are rushing to conduct final-stage human testing of drugs that block the action of a key protein, called VEGF.
Initially the brainchild of Alain Carpentier, a surgeon at Paris' Georges Pompidou Hospital, the device is awaiting approval from French authorities for human testing.
But by the late 1990s half a dozen promising projects at City of Hope had stalled because it could not find partners to make materials for human testing.
Firms like GeneSoft and Vicuron are taking things a step further, entering the earliest stages of human testing of drugs that target genes older antibiotics overlooked.
Millennium Pharmaceuticals (nasdaq: MLNM - news - people ) and Abbott, for instance, are already in the early stages of human testing on a gene-derived medicine that helps control appetite.
Two years behind is Denmark's Novo Nordisk , which will begin final-stage human testing of an inhaler from biotech firm Aradigm (nasdaq: ARDM - news - people ) later this year.
These drugs, several of which are wending their way through human testing at Pfizer, Bayer, GlaxoSmithkline and other firms, are like Swiss Army knives, with molecular structures versatile enough to deactivate two, three or even four tumor-promoting proteins at once.
Biogen and ZymoGenetics took a slightly different tack, creating therapeutic proteins that soak up excess amounts of BLYS. ZymoGenetics, working with partner Serono, has just begun human trials of its drug, TACI-IG, while Biogen and partner Genentech hope to begin human testing of their compound in 2005.
While other pharmaceutical companies have paid large amounts of cash for biotech drugs that had nearly completed human testing, Roche (otc: RHHBY - news - people ) has been sticking mostly to those that are in the earliest (phase I) or middle (phase II) stages of clinical trials.
But he also tried to shift blame for the fabrication to junior researchers who are associated with the hospital that provided human ova for his testing.
This past week, Major League Baseball and the MLB Players Association released their latest drug agreement, and with it, MLB now sees testing for human-growth hormone (hGH).
FORBES: MLB Becomes the First League to Implement HGH Testing
There are, of course, thorny matters that still need clearing-up, including provisions about testing for human growth hormone, minimum team salaries and how the spread of guaranteed signing bonuses affects the salary cap, and long-term health of players players.
One drug Glaxo is testing in early human trials is licensed from biotech company Anacor Pharmaceuticals and uses a new type of chemistry based on the element boron.
The Conservatives pointed out that the part of her bill which allowed legal aid to be sought by domestic abuse victims without means testing could contravene human rights law.
In May 2008, authorities dug for bodies at the Inyo County, California, ranch where Manson and his followers once lived, after police learned that testing had indicated human remains might be buried there.
Nottinghamshire Police said it could not determine if the remains were human but samples had been sent for testing.
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