Until now, treatment has included vaginal lubricants and therapy with the female sex hormone oestrogen.
Tamoxifen blocks the female sex hormone oestrogen that fuels the growth of some breast tumours.
BBC: Scientists find why tamoxifen fails some breast cancers
Isoflavone is a major class of phytoestrogens, naturally occurring chemicals that mimic the effect of the human hormone oestrogen.
The current combined pill, which contains progesterone and another female sex hormone oestrogen, has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
Jack also developed physical side effects including gynaecomastia (male breast enlargement), caused by the increased levels of the female hormone oestrogen in the body.
The cause of this condition is unknown, but it is thought that it might be caused by elevated levels of the female sex hormone oestrogen.
Fiona Kirkwood, cardiac nurse for the British Heart Foundation, said recent randomised studies had shown that combined hormone replacement therapy (oestrogen and progesterone) did not provide any protective benefit to women for coronary heart disease.
Dr Perls suggests that the main determinant of both lifespan and age of menopause may be oestrogen, the principal female sex hormone.
The issues relate to an oestrogen receptor test, which detects whether patients would benefit from hormone treatment.
Hormone treatment: Some breast cancers may be sensitive to hormones - eg oestrogen.
As a result, the Women's Health Initiative (a large, long-term study of the effectiveness of oestrogen in preventing osteoporosis) is now looking at whether the hormone can prevent Alzheimer's as well.
Because male-typical behaviours developed as the result of a burst of testosterone, but in the absence of receptors for the hormone, the researchers suspect that the testosterone in the surge is being converted into oestrogen to carry out the newborn sexual-differentiation.
One possible explanation is that melatonin - a hormone produced at night - is suppressed in those working night shifts, having knock-on effects on oestrogen regulation in the body and protection against DNA damage.
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