Many states and municipalities already face crippling pension costs, so they hire teachers on temporary contracts to prevent them acquiring the generous pensions entitlements of permanent staff, increasing turnover still further.
The workers were angered when the city announced last month that it could no longer require private companies bidding for transportation contracts to hire drivers by seniority and protect previous pay rates.
Bahraini employers have resisted government pressure, even when accompanied by the promise of public contracts, to hire more nationals.
ECONOMIST: Gulf citizen, no qualifications, seeks well-paid job
More to the point, if the employers are able to negotiate to hire more workers at a lower salary that will be more expansionary than if union contracts, minimum wage laws or social convention leads them to hire fewer workers at higher salaries.
Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin had proposed allowing employers to hire recent graduates on two-year contracts, rather than the lifetime "contracts of indefinite length" that many French regard as a birthright.
Business owners said they were forced to hire Ferguson as a subcontractor or risk losing city contracts.
Unlike Getty, it has refused to enter into one-price, all-you-can-eat monthly contracts with publishers and doesn't hire staff photographers who have to cede all future rights to the pictures to the company.
But the trust may consider "terminating existing contracts" with an immediate offer to re-hire people "on revised terms and conditions of employment".
To win those contracts, Jarvis had to bid low, expand fast and hire sub-contractors extensively.
These ranged from the protectionist (favouring German companies in public contracts) to the punitive: fines of up to DM500, 000 for contractors who hire outside the system.
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