It also has a small genome compared to other higher plants like maize or wheat.
What has been noted in studies is that diets lower in calories, and higher in plants seem to be beneficial.
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Strong empirical evidence shows that higher CO2 means plants grow faster: farmers elevate CO2 levels in their greenhouses to get high crops.
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The Environmental Protection Agency used its authority to regulate carbon dioxide as a source of pollution and set higher standards for power plants.
New production areas and locations for processing and manufacturing plants will observe higher load growth.
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Chairman Jon Wellinghoff agrees and believes that value should be compensated with higher payments than the peaker plants receive.
Shutting these plants would mean higher rates for customers in both states, and much of the power replaced would almost certainly come from fossil fuel sources.
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Meanwhile, data collected over eight years by Penn State University for the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection show mercury levels 47 percent higher in areas closer to power plants.
The correlation between particulate matter and these health issues is particularly pronounced in children, as well as low-income communities, which are often located closer to the sources of particulate matter (highways, factories, power plants) than their higher income neighbors.
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These developments are likely to result in accelerated decommissioning costs, increased capital expenditures for higher cost replacement generation, lower reserve margins, and higher operating costs at existing nuclear plants as a result of increased scrutiny, more stringent safety procedures, and longer required maintenance outages.
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Historically, humans have been consuming cauliflower mosaic virus and its 35S promoter at much higher levels than those in uninfected transgenic plants.
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The government is betting on a higher oil price and on new hydroelectric plants, which will cut spending on subsidies for imported energy.
Because much of the loss to insects and diseases occurs after the plants are fully grown, the use of genetically engineered varieties that have higher post-harvest yields means that the farming (and irrigation) of fewer plants can produce the same total amount of food.
Tepco's other plants also exposed their workers to higher doses of radiation than most other big Japanese operators.
"They are not plants or fungi but they are some major higher order of organisms, " he said.
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Moreover, these companies all have new or nearly new factories in America, which deliver higher quality and productivity than the American makers' older plants and are not burdened with a legacy of high pensions and health-care costs.
Ordinary Indians will certainly benefit from the better service and higher returns that competition will bring, and from the power plants and airports that new forms of investment will build.
Increasing CO2 levels will be a net benefit because cultivated plants grow better and are more resistant to drought at higher CO2 levels, and because warming and other supposedly harmful effects of CO2 have been greatly exaggerated.
But with global warming these areas are shrinking, so that plants adapted to the warmer, lower habitats slowly invade the higher elevations.
The companies and the unions have said a new regulation targeting mercury and other toxic pollutants, due to be proposed this week, could lead to higher electric bills, billions of dollars in new costs and the closing of plants that employ thousands of workers.
By changing operating procedures and burning a higher grade of coal, Midwest boosted output from the 40-year-old plants 12% last year--while reducing emissions.
As an integrated steel manufacturer, U.S. Steel (26.8 million tons annual capacity) is well positioned for higher demand, with a rich product mix, favorable raw materials costs and profitable plants in Europe.
Developers who build power plants to sell power to utilities also might be willing to pay a higher price for more efficient solar panels, which allow them to construct projects with less land.
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Coal, the cheapest fuel, currently produces America's baseload power: coal-fired plants run constantly to meet basic demand, with natural gas switched on when demand is higher.
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The government has also begun to fear that freer prices mean higher prices, and that new power stations will be unable to compete with old hydro-electric plants, whose initial costs have long been written off.
On the other hand, plants grown using hairy-vetch mulch are a lot healthier (and yields are 20% higher), so Dr Mattoo wondered if he could track down the biochemical origins of this healthiness.
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