In countries with high structural unemployment, entrepreneurship has less of an impact on growth than development economists previously thought.
High structural unemployment: As alluded to earlier, impediments to business from all levels of government, but especially from the federal government, are a huge issue.
Europe's high structural unemployment cannot be blamed on labour-market rigidities alone.
Research opportunities include research in the areas of compact energy storage and pulsed power, aerothermal protection systems for flight vehicles, high-strength and dielectric structural materials, and system interfaces between high-power loads and platform power distribution networks.
The high rate of unemployment in the United States is due primarily to structural problems, high marginal tax rates, minimum wage laws, the extension of unemployment benefits, the high cost of employer-provided health benefits, and uncertainty regarding future fiscal rules and regulations.
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Moreover, one of the reason that oil prices are high is due to structural impediments.
One school of thought is that a high unemployment rate is structural and immune to the stimulative effects of monetary policy.
Ms Cairns pointed out there was inconsistency in Community Planning Partnerships and that the high thresholds for accessing structural funding mariginalised smaller organisations from participating.
While reforms like the fee disclosure rules from the U.S. Department of Labor (slated to take effect July 1) are positive steps, the Demos model described in their report shows how listing fees on account statements will not address the other factors that keep fees high nor fix the structural weaknesses in the current risky, individualized retirement system.
"The taskforce recognises that our High Streets are going through a structural recalibration, rather than an economic cycle from which we will emerge over time, " he said.
Consumers are beginning to believe the high prices are a result of structural changes in the global economy, not the result of a single event like Hurricane Katrina, which produced a period of high fuel prices earlier this decade, Lang said.
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That comes at the same time that some structural concerns arise over the high-profile Airbus A380, and Airbus announces that sales may drop by 50% this year.
Sitting in his office above the glitzy Ferrari production line in Maranello, south of Modena, Mr Montezemolo says that Italy will pay a high price if it fails to introduce structural reforms.
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The decline is owed to structural factors, including demographics, high domestic costs, and globalization.
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That is one of the reasons why a high rate of unemployment has now become a structural condition in most of the developed world.
But look at any of these charts and they show structural unemployment at an all-time high, with the situation getting much worse the longer the duration of unemployment.
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Bernanke also says in the speech that he does not think structural factors are a major driver of persistently-high unemployment, at least not yet.
The main structural elements of BeoPlay H3 and H6 are made of anodized high-grade aluminium.
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Three months ago investors had high hopes of Junichiro Koizumi, the incoming prime minister, who promised structural reform.
If Poland wants to return to the high growth of the mid-1990s, it needs to speed up structural reforms of its labour and product markets.
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Structural unemployment will still be more than10% and deficits will be high.
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With expanded education opportunities, a focus on in-shoring and associated tax credits, and continued innovation and next generation technologies, the U.S. can overcome the structural challenges that it faces today, and lead the world in high technology job creation for decades to come.
Structural problems in India's farm distribution chain are also contributing to high food prices.
"The high current account deficit limits room for further easing, and the slowdown in growth is structural and due to supply-side issues, and should be addressed through reforms by the government, " said Leif Eskesen, chief economist for India and Asean at HSBC.
Unemployment has fallen, but is still, at 9.7%, too high, especially as much of what remains is long-term and therefore harder to reduce without structural reforms.
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