We have a nostalgic conception of good agriculture, a dangerous memory that shrouds the issue in confusion.

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But while invoking the memory of Mr Chavez may have been a good campaign strategy, working under his shadow may be risky for Mr Maduro in the long run, according to Mr Magdaleno.

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"It's not good enough and we must better honour the memory of those who have gone before us, " he said.

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Other studies have shown that environments with red as one of the primary colors are conducive to good performance on short-term memory tasks.

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