This high sublimation loss during the dry season causes well-developed penitents at the glacier surface.

UNESCO: Dublin Core

The list of year-round activities on offer - the Svalbard tourist office has a comprehensive list, as well as a booking facility - includes hiking, glacier walks, kayaking and boat excursions that last a day or ten in summer, or dog-sledding and snowmobiling in winter.

BBC: Drawing near to the North Pole

Overleaf, we follow the fortunes of Homo sapiens sapiens around the Black and Mediterranean Seas through 30 000 years of a tumultuous history marked by sporadic earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, as well as more insidious hazards tied to a changing climate, such as flooding from glacier melt, gradual sea-level rise or prolonged drought.

UNESCO: Open Access to Scientific Information