All the wiretaps had been made that year, and so the jurors heard tapes of a hedge-fund manager running his business as one investment bank after another fell.
After his May 1981 recommendations were rejected, President Reagan proposed a makeshift bargain: the Greenspan commission would be appointed to recommend what ought to be done by Dec. 31, 1982, and, to keep the fund from running dry before then, Social Security should be given permission to borrow from the disability and Medicare funds.
So compare it to a money market: A Vanguard money fund would have earned you only 4.9% a year during the time the Merger Fund has been running.
Of the reviews announced by Mr Lewis on Thursday, one will look at the way the sale of land was handled by the fund, while the second review will look at the running of the fund itself, and to see what can be done to resume its operations.
Mutual fund portfolio managers personally profiting by front-running client orders and thereby diluting fund performance.
Was it something in the wine perhaps that made French people better-suited to the job of running the Fund?
Wick has been running the fund since 1990, steering the fund through a variety of ugly periods in the market.
Decca, at a young age, had instructed her bank, Drummonds, to set up a Running Away fund, which it duly did.
Of greater import, of course, was his speech there, his last before retiring to France after running the Fund for 13 years.
But this is unlikely without at least a clear promise of more say in running the fund, hitherto an institution dominated by Europe and America.
There are now 31 men on the Forbes 400 list of richest Americans who have derived much of their wealth from running hedge fund money.
First, Stack likes the fact that Brian Rogers has been running the fund since its inception in 1985, and since then it has an enviable 13.4% average annual return.
Running a hedge fund in Brazil is rather different from doing so in other places, however.
By last year, the OASI fund was perilously close to running out of money.
For example, the four folks supposedly running KMFG had no genuine experience running a hedge fund .
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It's not easy running a hedge fund these days, especially given the new fervor for oversight in Washington.
Running the pension fund was usually left to someone from the personnel department.
Instead of running one hedge fund managed by several different managers, Burch assigned each guy to run a different fund.
According to Watson Wyatt, the average cost of running a pension fund has increased by 50% over the past five years.
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The following year he received an unsolicited visit from Kathy Xu, who was running a venture fund for Baring Private Equity Partners.
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Two years ago a big U.S. bank asked Guy if he would consider running a hedge fund, in addition to his traditional funds.
Should a fund manager vote against, say, a stock-option scheme for executives, they can retaliate by dumping the manager from running the pension fund.
By the time the approval came, it had a new name, the more generic Jobs and Progress Fund, and it was running ads attacking Republican Congressman Aaron Schock, two states away in Illinois.
As The Economist went to press, it looked likely that a diluted version of the Volcker rule would pass, allowing banks to keep running hedge-fund and private-equity units for clients who want to invest in them, and perhaps to keep putting a small share of their own capital in them as well.
It's rare, but sometimes a good manager at an expensive load fund can be found making a little extra money on the side by also running a cheaper, comparable no-load fund.
The trouble is that running the International Monetary Fund is not one of them.
The answer, as he implied, is that they were running a giant hedge fund inside the bank.
For context, Apple may be running the largest hedge fund in the world.
Fabrice Tourre will be running his own hedge fund within 3 years.
He also wants to increase the size of the European Stability Mechanism, the zone's permanent bailout fund which will be up and running later this year.
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