Only the giant supermarket operator, Ito-Yokado, came close to having a fully-funded pension plan.

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Now that the plan is fully funded, GM's goal is to minimize that volatility to earn a consistent 9% a year.

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GM's pension plan is fully funded.

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Of course, the plan will only be successful if it is fully funded by governments, financial institutions such as the World Bank and Islamic Development Bank, and philanthropic organizations like the ones we run.

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Overall, what the transition is really financing is the increased savings and investment involved in shifting from a pay-as-you-go system to a fully funded system, just as with eliminating the unfunded liabilities of any underfunded pension plan.

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