Carbo Ceramics is a leader in making what's called ceramic proppant, which is the synthetic material, sand-based often, with chemicals that are injected into the fractured rock to hold open the cavities so the natural gas goes up into the piping that captures it.

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No one anticipated the massive volumes trapped in shale formations underneath the surface of much of the planet, nor the ease with which it can now be fractured out of the rock.

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