The returns from the alternative strategies were tested against the traditional index benchmarks before and after adjusting for the Carhart Four-Factor Model.
Airships demonstrate a law of increasing returns: doubling the length increases the surface area (and hence weight) by a factor of four while the volume (and hence lifting capacity) goes up by a factor of eight.
As you probably guessed, married moms tend to outearn their single mom counterparts, nearly by a factor of four.
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One San Diego, California, bariatric surgeon's malpractice insurance has increased by a factor of four in the past year.
We were even able to reduce overall software development time for one of our customers by a factor of four.
Plus those Chinese manufacturing wages have risen by a factor of four at least since the turn of the millennium.
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Dosing levels have crept up by a factor of four over the past decade, though some doubt that this makes dialysis patients live longer.
With collateral being re-hypothecated to a factor of four (according to IMF estimates), the actual capital backing re-hypothecation transactions may be as little as 25%.
It includes everything you need for a one-day BluePrint juice cleanse, plus a three- to four-hour Clearing Factor spa treatment and a private yoga class.
As China increases its power production by a factor of four over the next 20 years, that means it will need to add more coal plants to meet its goals and electricity demand.
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Previous iterations of the targeting system helped shooters increase their chance of hitting their mark by a factor of four, but suffered from short battery life, range finder accuracy errors and overheating problems.
Result: Today in the U.S. 150 million cell users (up fivefold since 1995) talk an average of eight hours a month (up fourfold) while paying a dime a minute (down by a factor of four).
Military spending fell during the fourth quarter of 2012 at its fastest pace in four decades, a key factor in the national economy's paltry 0.1% annualized growth rate, according to updated government figures released Thursday.
For anyone who has managed to avoid a television, newspaper, billboard, radio show or conversation for the last four months, the X Factor is one of the biggest TV shows in the UK. In the past, it has produced huge stars such as Leona Lewis and Alexandra Burke.
If we add all that in, the diaspora remittances would be bigger by a factor of three or four times.
"This object was changing its brightness by a factor of three or four -- it was just enormously variable, " Tholen said.
Although the computations involved are not trivial (they take about ten hours on a relatively powerful cluster of four Linux workstations) the limiting factor is getting sufficiently-high-resolution digital scans of paintings from museums.
Sony's NEX-3 and NEX-5 cameras certainly boast the features to get any camera nerd excited -- interchangeable lenses in a form factor smaller than Micro Four Thirds but with an image sensor 50% bigger -- but the big question remaining is how they'll actually hold up in use.
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The U.S. dollar index moving to a four-week high Tuesday is also a bearish underlying factor for the gold and silver markets.
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Before Reagan won in North Carolina, he had lost four previous primaries and was not considered much of a factor at all.
She wound up with 14 points and 10 rebounds, making only four of her 10 shots and being a relative non-factor for her considerable stature.
One important factor I think we will observe over the next four years is that the economy is going to gain a lot of jobs no matter who wins.
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"The broader market can only ignore the major, money-center banks trading down three, four and five percent for so long before it becomes a factor, " said Ryan Larson, head of U.S. equity trading at RBC Global Asset Management.
What would have been the impact on commodity prices and the foreign exchange value of the dollar if the Fed had increased the money supply by a factor of eight (rather than a factor of three) in a bit more than four years?
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In the case of four of the children, the inquest stated that hyponatraemia was a factor that contributed to their deaths.
That said, he has overcome that equalizing factor enough to win two of the season's first four races.
And in case recent history is a factor, you add the fact that Michigan State beat Michigan for four straight years.
She had gone into the match the favorite, after beating Williams in their last four meetings on clay, and admitted her lack of a coach was a factor in her defeat.
One in four individuals cite the "old boys' network" as a de-motivating factor.
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