What officials fear most is another market spasm, forcing them to raise interest rates again.
The other fallacy of the dual mandate is that a fully employed workforce demands higher wages, forcing business to raise prices.
However, the FH warned that the strong Swiss franc is having a serious impact on margins for watch companies, forcing many to raise prices.
It may be, as some supporters of the motion contend, that international competition will have the general effect of forcing universities to raise their standards.
They introduce new products and know-how and they give dissatisfied depositors somewhere else to take their custom, forcing local banks to raise their game.
Banks are trying to recover their lost revenues by forcing card networks to raise debit card fees for small transactions, but the real hit from this move would be taken by the card networks themselves.
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Indeed, without the recent fall in oil and commodity prices, America's inflation rate would have risen, forcing the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates.
They could also potentially raise minimum payments, forcing their most cash-strapped customers to pay late, incurring higher penalty APRs and fees.
Since August, many banks have jibbed at renewing loans to Brazilian borrowers, forcing them to buy back bonds or raise expensive local money.
With inflation around the emerging world spiking, forcing China, Brazil, and others to raise rates, the threat is becoming very real in developed countries as well.
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The strong yen made Japanese goods more expensive to buy in U.S. dollars, forcing many U.S. importers to raise prices or abandon importing from Japan altogether.
Bond-market troubles are forcing Greece's government to freeze public-sector wages and raise taxes, and causing Portugal's and Spain's to accelerate budget cuts.
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