For all its political and economic travails, Cuba, for instance, has created an internationally successful biotech sector from its earlier development of an innovative, homegrown vaccine for meningitis.
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Using its trial data, Pfizer initially applied to use Trovan for pediatric meningitis.
The doctors are injecting the children with oily chloramphenicol, endorsed by the World Health Organization as the recommended treatment for bacterial meningitis epidemics.
Having initially applied to use it for pediatric meningitis, Pfizer withdrew that use from its application after the FDA audit found dozens of discrepancies in Pfizer's records.
When the allegations first surfaced, Pfizer had said that the number of deaths in the trial was lower than the overall fatality rate for the meningitis epidemic.
Changes are also being made to the schedule for administering the Meningitis C vaccine and the seasonal flu programme is being extend to include all children aged two to 17 years.
There are only approximately 30 to 50 cases of W135 each year in the UK, and while immunisation for the A and C strains of meningitis is an entry requirement for Saudi Arabia, the vaccine does not protect against this type.
They are sent to small towns in the United States to help local health departments deal with a variety of disease outbreaks -- meningitis, for example.
The health service still provides world-class vaccines and treatments for diseases like hepatitis, meningitis and Parkinson's disease.
The A strain has been responsible for major epidemics along Africa's meningitis belt, which stretches from Ethiopia in the East to Senegal in the West.
In the late 1990s Novartis researchers decoded the genome of the Neisseria meningitidis B bacterium, which is responsible for one-third of cases of meningococcal meningitis.
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In the late 1990s Novartis (nyse: NVS - news - people ) researchers decoded the genome of the Neisseria meningitidis B bacterium, which is responsible for one-third of cases of meningococcal meningitis.
This Meningitis Vaccine Project was not a feasible option for the traditional big pharma vaccine firms, but the partnership structure allowed developing country innovators to contribute.
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The Stroud-based Meningitis Trust in Gloucestershire and Meningitis UK in Bristol have been working in partnership for the past four years.
He caught tubercular meningitis some time in 1958 and he was hospitalised for six months, and after that the last place they would let him go were smoky dives like The Cavern.
Several different bacteria can cause meningitis but Neisseria meningitidis -- which is to blame for this outbreak -- is one of the most significant because of its potential to cause epidemics.
Doctors have to spend more time educating parents about the tremendous benefit of vaccines, about the very strong evidence (based on tens of millions of doses) for vaccine safety, and about the frightening consequences of infection with meningitis, hepatitis, measles, polio, and other vaccine-preventable diseases.
Most people have a natural resistance to meningococcal meningitis, but there is a small risk of complications, particularly for children under five.
Here, there's precedent for success: Cuban biotech centers have turned out some promising developments, including a meningitis vaccine now marketed in several South American countries.
In this case, there's precedent for success: Cuban biotech centers have turned out some promising developments, including a meningitis vaccine now being marketed in several South American countries.
Tennessee has been the hardest-hit state in the meningitis outbreak, with 70 cases as of Tuesday, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In one case, an unvaccinated child came in with a high fever and Dr. LaReau feared the patient might have meningitis, a contagious, potentially deadly infection of the brain and spinal cord for which a vaccine commonly is given.
Beginning in 2009, ACIP began evaluating an infant meningitis vaccine and sent clear signals that it was inclined not to recommend routine use for children under two.
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He said estimates suggested that each year passive smoking in children accounted for more than 20, 000 cases of lower respiratory tract infection, 200 cases of bacterial meningitis, and 40 sudden infant deaths.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say catching the illness isn't always a death sentence, but bacterial meningitis is usually severe.
And it turned out she had meningitis, and she had to get a spinal tap, and they had to keep her there for three or four days.
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