There are recalls for Blues prop John Yapp, and Dragons forwards Rhys Thomas, Ian Gough and Luke Charteris.
On top of the 18-16 defeat, Sowden-Taylor's injury will be a huge blow for Blues director of rugby Dai Young.
BBC: Sowden-Taylor grimaces as his ankle is caught beneath him
The Dragons' best period of the match coincided with a yellow card for Blues lock Paul Tito just before the hour mark.
There is no place for Blues wing Tom James, who could be facing a ban after being sent off in the Blues' win over Gloucester on Sunday.
May, taking over the place-kicking duties as well as Wilkinson's position, inched Toulon back ahead but Blair replied for Blues to leave things deadlocked entering the final quarter.
Blair replied with a penalty for Blues in the 20th minute but Manning restored the Irish province's three-point advantage with his second penalty of the game after 25 minutes.
His last strike for Blues came almost a year ago when he came off the bench to hit the only goal of the game in a 1-0 win at Hull.
After the hosts had been pegged back to 1-1 and seen Victor Obinna sent off for a crazy kick out at Sebastian Larsson, Cole bagged the winner with only 10 minutes left - and it was a personal nightmare for Blues keeper Ben Foster, who let the striker's soft shot roll under his hand and trickle over the line.
The 31-year-old played for Cardiff Blues for part of last season and refused to rule out a return.
BBC: Jonah Lomu played part of last season for Cardiff Blues
With the transfer window open until 2300 GMT on Monday, there is still time for the Blues to increase their offer for the Spaniard should they wish.
But it was not enough for the Blues, who now face a battle for Heineken Cup qualification through the Magners League.
The sides were locked at 10-10 at the break, ex-New Zealand centre Laulala going over for the Blues while full-back Burns crossed for the Cherry and Whites.
"Bradley's been going well and we have been looking at him as one for the future, but he certainly came on and made an impact for the Blues in what was a great win for them at the weekend, " said McBryde.
Stade clawed back to 25-16 with two Skrela penalties, but Flanagan replied for the Blues, then Rodrigo Roncero was yellow-carded for a blatant block on Thomas.
Michael Ballack scored a late penalty for the Blues but Queiroz feels Ballack should have also conceded a penalty for an apparent foul on Cristiano Ronaldo.
Things got worse for the Blues midway through the half when hooker Rhys Thomas was sin-binned for killing the ball, after Dragons centre Tom Riley had chased down an Arlidge grubber.
The Lions also lost Ireland hooker Jerry Flannery, who chipped a bone in training before the tour, Welsh centre Tom Shanklin, who dislocated his shoulder playing for Cardiff Blues, and Ireland scrum-half Tomas O'Leary, who broke his ankle playing for Munster.
Thomas has played his last game for Cardiff Blues, having been released with immediate effect.
He also had a passion for the blues singers of years between the two world wars.
Fly-half Robinson, in his 100th appearance for the Blues, popped over a drop-goal to end the session.
Osgood made 380 appearances for the Blues, scoring 150 goals, and was dubbed the 'King of Stamford Bridge'.
Michael Essien scored two and Salomon Kalou one for the Blues before Scott Parker grabbed a late consolation.
Prestland missed the conversion, while Blair was wide with a penalty attempt for the Blues on the half-hour.
Carling Player of the Month Robert Garrett and Peter Thompson were on target for the Blues at Shamrock Park.
Williams, who has made more than 100 appearances for the Blues, says that he is "honoured" by the testimonial.
Xavier Rush sprinted over in the 37th minute and Ben Blair added a penalty and a conversion for Cardiff Blues.
Only the best will be good enough for the Blues manager, whose side lost 1-0 to Charlton Athletic in 2005.
Ben Blair replied in kind for the Blues, but they then were hit by a swift Bristol counter-attack after losing possession.
Peyrelongue accepted the easier conversion, but Blair got things moving for the Blues when he replied with a penalty soon after.
Nicolas Anelka and Frank Lampard each then poked in as Chelsea ran away with it, with Ipswich up next for the Blues.
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