With that in mind, I decided to probe the issue a bit more with Bejan and begin to identify the method he uses to address the improvement of flow systems both as an engineer and as an educator.
FORBES: The Constructal Sessions, Part II: Freedom and Design
By placing design in a central place in our understanding of the world around us, and in defining nature and society as sets of interrelated flow systems, Bejan has created (or recognized) a new job description: the flow worker.
FORBES: The Constructal Sessions, Part II: Freedom and Design
Both the Switzerland-based Basel Committee on Banking Supervision1 (BCBS) and the Financial Services Authority2 (FSA) in the UK have recently made it clear that when relying on manual processes, desktop applications or key internal data flow systems such as spreadsheets, banks and insurers should have effective controls in place that are consistently applied to manage risks around incorrect, false or even fraudulent data.
FORBES: Microsoft's Excel Might Be The Most Dangerous Software On The Planet
Smarter traffic systems can help traffic and public transit systems flow more smoothly, anticipate congestion and improve it in advance, reduce emissions and increase the capacity of infrastructure.
ENGADGET: IBM shows off Smarter Traveler traffic prediction tool
On Pandora, electrical currents flow through the root systems of the trees.
This idea has been proposed to the State of California as a way to temporarily and quickly address water disruptions caused by a disaster that affects the water-delivery systems of the Delta, such as an earthquake that destroys levees, disrupts flow patterns, or damages pumping systems.
FORBES: Water Emergencies: Time for New Plans and Technology
Future mobile systems will generate copious flow from thousands or even millions of devices.
Eligible improvements (PDF) include not only energy-saving equipment such as insulation, lighting, and HVAC systems but onsite renewable energy (rooftop PV, wind turbines, and fuel cells) and water-saving upgrades such as low-flow plumbing fixtures and grey water systems.
FORBES: California Launches Nation's Largest Clean Energy PACE Program
What's also unlikely is that Whitehall would retain its current Terms of Business Agreement with BAE Systems to ensure a steady flow of work over 15 years, intended to sustain jobs, skills and yards.
So, if data flow tools to manipulate data exist, and systems to implement process improvements are possible, how do these trends underlie a change in the field of healthcare?
Newcastle had been chosen because the city had "a long track record of making the city more intelligent using transport systems in order to keep the traffic flow moving", she said.
It uses so-called passive systems for cooling, such as the gravity flow of water and natural circulation based on thermodynamics.
These order flow monitoring devices should be completely independent of the computerized systems that traders use to generate their orders.
FORBES: After the Knight Capital Catastrophe, Throttle the Traders, Not the Markets
River systems build and branch because of the balance of flow through them and lateral pressure on them.
FORBES: Not Far From The Tree: Ray Kurzwiel And The Verticality Of The Silicon Valley Mind
The other half worked on the back end, crunching computer code to build systems for order-processing, distribution and inventory flow and to integrate a new Web site tracking system with the existing ones.
Last year, Citadel, Merrill Lynch, UBS, Credit Suisse Group, Citigroup and Morgan Stanley collectively bought up more than 80% of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and are plowing resources into its electronic trading systems with a goal to route more stock order flow through it.
Last year, Citadel, Merrill Lynch (nyse: MER - news - people ), UBS (nyse: UBS - news - people ), Credit Suisse Group (nyse: CSR - news - people ), Citigroup (nyse: C - news - people ) and Morgan Stanley (nyse: MS - news - people ) collectively bought up more than 80% of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and are plowing resources into its electronic trading systems with a goal to route more stock order flow through it.
Its near monopoly on operating systems and office automation software assured it a high cash flow.
He soon developed a knack for buying cheap, fixer-upper cable systems, raising quality and prices and plowing the cash flow into more acquisitions.
Some engines also contain onboard foam systems, so there will be controls to control the flow of foam concentrate into the discharges.
It is far more important for countries to strengthen their domestic financial systems, so that they can enjoy the benefit a free flow of capital brings without falling victim to the costs.
Big investments have been made in upgrading computer systems to speed up the processing of intelligence and the decisions that flow from it.
Because the energy flow is not just non-constant but also erratic, the back-up systems also need to be extremely sensitive and capable of ramping up from shut-down to fully-on within a very short period of time to prevent grid instability and even collapse.
FORBES: Why "Green Fossils" Matter So Much To Africa's Energy Future
"The flow battery architecture has huge advantages, " says Michael Perry, project director of electrochemical systems at United Technologies' Research Center.
When systems cross capacity thresholds, additional capacity would be automatically engaged and trading would continue to flow without interruptions.
FORBES: At NYSE, The Data Deluge Overwhelms Traditional Databases
Operations people, such as the CTO for electronic equity order flow or the operations director for fixed income, equities or market data, will want to monitor systems in real-time.
FORBES: ITRS Monitors Technology And Business For Global Finance Firms
That flood, ironically, spurred the creation of the Corps of Engineers, empowering them to create systems to guard against further calamities -- and giving them the authority to let waters flow from some levees to wash away some areas in order to spare others.
Exhibit A in this regard is a technology called Intrusion Prevention Systems, or IPS. The premise of an IPS is that you can examine a network flow, and based on complex algorithms, identify and stop potential attacks on your infrastructure such as your web servers.
Much of the gas being produced, when you add in all the expenses including building gathering systems, purification plants, and accounting for the bad wells, lose money on a pure cash flow basis.
FORBES: My Prediction Was Wrong: Why We Didn't Get To $8 Natural Gas
But the Asian crisis, like the 1995 Mexican crisis before it, has shown that some types of capital can flow out even more quickly than they flowed in, causing serious economic harm in countries with badly regulated financial systems.
ECONOMIST: Can capital controls stop poor countries crashing?
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