Payments to its parent hospital system for information technology and financial services aren't captured, nor is equipment depreciation, he says.

FORBES: Health Care

Eventually Dolan started an electronic system to deliver information to financial institutions and credit agencies that needed up-to-the-minute data on things like real estate liens and foreclosures.

FORBES: Entrepreneurs

Where they have worked best, financial mergers have profited from the simple economies of scale offered by a common information-technology system.

ECONOMIST: Japanese banking

It analyzed the largest bank holding companies in terms of total assets according to the National Information Center, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics collected by the Federal Reserve System.

FORBES: The 15 Best-Paying Big Banks

We only assessed the 20 largest bank holding companies in terms of total assets, as of December 2012, according to the National Information Center, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics collected by the Federal Reserve System.

FORBES: The Big Banks Hiring The Most Right Now

Despite this, and prior to recently released guidelines from the Division of Corporation Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission, there were no guidelines as to when a corporation should publicly disclose the loss of confidential information or disruption to a system caused by a cyber incident even where the incident caused financial losses.

FORBES: Disclosing Cyber Security Incidents: The SEC Weighs In