Many investors have an exaggerated fear of risk in poor areas.
The second reason, stemming from the first, is the belief that foundations, in fear of this risk, avoid making PRIs.
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From a simplistic point of view, the fast-money types had taken risk out of their portfolios on Friday for fear of potential headline risk over the weekend.
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First, rather counter intuitively, that fear removes some of the risk from the market.
After six years in nursing, unsatisfied with the career choice I had made, I woke up to a different kind of fear: The fear of becoming like the other no-risk nurses tired, burned out and old before their time.
But in some areas we are, I fear, running the risk of becoming rather lazy and complacent in our thinking.
This attitude toward struggle is not only counterproductive -- leading to self-defeating behaviors including retreating inward with self-doubt and avoiding necessary risk for fear of failure -- it is also wrong.
"Unless greater clarity emerges in the very near future I do fear we run the risk of compromising the safety of citizens and damaging a service which has been at the forefront of protecting the public for so many years, " he said.
And yes, after having done everything in our power to prepare, to organize, and to remove the obstacles of debt, of doubt, of fear and of ego, we must also learn to celebrate risk.
There was a lot of fear, and anti-risk trades were put on: Gold, silver, bonds, ten-year notes.
Risk aversion, fear of default and depleted bank capital have caused private borrowing rates to deviate sharply from policy rates.
In the long-term, it's the likes of France and the UK that have most to fear from the downgrade of the US. Perhaps the risk of a sovereign default in those two AAA countries is now smaller than for the US. Their parliaments are certainly more reliable.
It should not be about risk factor reduction and fear of dying, but about joy of living and feeling better.
"The fear of nuclear war has diminished partly because the risk has receded significantly with the end of the Cold War, " says Nick Bostrom, director of Oxford University's Future of Humanity Institute.
But writer and consultant Tim Gill, author of No Fear: Growing Up In A Risk-Averse Society and a former government adviser, believes that bullying is too often "misdiagnosed" and children should be encouraged to stand up for themselves before parents step in.
No doubt, the immediate cause for the sudden rise in the price of oil and gasoline is fear of disruptions in the supply of oil due to unrest in the Middle East and the growing risk of war with Iran.
The public can reduce their fear by gaining knowledge and assessing their actual level of risk, he says.
And unless we acknowledge that, we are at greater risk of becoming the person we fear the most.
But scientists fear air travellers could be more at risk because of the lack of opportunity to move about on a plane.
In every direction there is uncertainty, fear, trepidation, and yes, a substantial perception of risk.
But if the money were to come from the EFSF, well in those circumstances Finland has said it would fear that the money would be too much at risk of loss - so it is demanding collateral or security for its share of any such loan.
The fear of stepping out took me along the safe, no-risk route through high school, nursing school and into a secure hospital job.
India hinted that it would suspend the state government during the election to reduce the risk of rigging, then backed away for fear of offending the chief minister, Farooq Abdullah, whose National Conference party is part of the coalition that governs in Delhi.
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If joy at higher growth or fear of inflation do not justify higher bond yields, is there not a risk that the bond market might cause the recovery to stall?
However, in the absence of such a catalyst to reverse the current decline, the risk to the bullish case is the growing climate of fear feeding upon itself, and thereby creating a further deterioration in the technical backdrop.
This carries the risk that rivals in an industry will stay away for fear that, despite declarations of neutrality, an exchange is tilted in favour of the partners.
But prospect theory, a field of behavioral economics, tells us that people who have no good options tend to be risk-seeking, because the psychological cost of a bad outcome diminishes the fear of a worse outcome.
It was a risk that Abby and Brittany's parents did not want to take for fear that one of the twins might not have survived the surgery or have the same quality of life they do now.
"Faced with the fear of the unknown, investors both domestic and foreign are very cautious and preferring other markets where there is less risk, " said Andrew Sullivan of Kim Eng Securities in Hong Kong.
That is a legitimate fear, but the public debate is far more likely to spin out of control when companies and regulators know about a risk for months and didn't say anything.
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