The timing of any recovery for the PGMs is somewhat up in the air since it depends on factors such as how fast auto output rebounds from the Japanese quake and future economic data.
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One thing we supposedly knew about this recovery was that companies came into it with a lot of spare capacity and low rates of productivity, because in the recession employment did not fall nearly as fast as output.
Optimists think Germany can keep its share of world trade, which grows twice as fast as global output, and thus stay ahead.
This chart shows that the burden of government spending in the Cayman Islands has climbed twice as fast as economic output since 2000.
Another problem, so say stock market analysts, is that ABB may have difficulty expanding its power transmission output fast enough to handle the coming growth.
That output gap is fast closing.
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With its variety of input and output ports including USB for fast PC connections, the Jukebox is also versatile.
That is bad news for countries whose food output was already rising less fast than their populations: according to the World Food Programme, Honduras grew 27% less food per person in 1996 than in 1980.
Output in the euro area probably fell as fast as in Britain and America in the last three months of 2008, even as Japan's GDP sagged still more dramatically (see article).
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But the power industry, which must double its output roughly every decade if India is to grow fast, has long been a disaster waiting to happen.
Imports grew nearly three times as fast as exports for the period, producing a bigger drag on output.
Or, put it another way, did the crisis cause structural changes to our economy which mean we will struggle to grow very fast in the next few years, and that a lot of the output lost in the recession is gone for good?
Our GDP has grown 60%, and industrial output 50% (yes, it grew, just not as fast as in China).
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This does not mean emerging economies will grow fast enough to make up for the whole of a fall in America's output.
The result is that, although output per worker rises only slowly or not at all, wages go up as fast as they do in the rest of the economy.
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The camera also offers creative movie playback features, such as High-speed Movie mode for slow-motion playback and Time-lapse Movie mode for fast-forward playback, and features a micro-HDMI terminal (Type D) for the output of recorded movies and sound to external devices.
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In particular, the Bank of Japan thinks that the output gap between what the economy can produce and what it is actually producing is narrowing quite fast, raising the prospect of imminent inflationary pressures.
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