In a dictionary that Christopher Koonooka translated from Yupik to English, there are words describing wavy ice, shore fast ice, small cakes of ice, and thin ice overlapped like shingles.
This makes it hard to say how fast the summer ice cover will continue to shrink.
ECONOMIST: Summer ice in the Arctic Ocean is vanishing rapidly
Such a rise would probably lead to fast-melting ice sheets, rising sea levels, drought, disease and collapsing agriculture in poor countries, and mass migration.
The human race has not devised any way of dissolving barriers, getting to know the other chap fast, breaking the ice, that is one-tenth as handy and efficient as letting you and the other chap, or chaps, cease to be totally sober at about the same rate in agreeable surroundings.
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The sea ice has been a lid on the Arctic, so the loss of ice is allowing fast uptake of CO2.
His friends would ask him about "the game with the fishing net" and he would explain it was like ice hockey - fast and hazardous.
But even if the ice melts as fast as shippers hope (and scientists fear), navigation is likely to demand strengthened hulls, higher insurance and extra training for crews, all adding to the costs.
Just 85 miles (136km) from her destination, Endurance was frozen in place stuck fast in a great chunk of ice.
They monitored fast-moving and nearby "stagnant" ice streams at the same altitude to try to distinguish between the various possible causes of thinning.
Sequential optical images of high spatial resolution were used for the first time to derive surface ice velocities of Glaciar Upsala, a fast-moving fresh-water calving glacier in southern Patagonia.
Environmentalists point to Inuit communities threatened by melting ice in Greenland, and those living around the fast-shrinking Lake Chad in Africa, as among many already feeling the effects.
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We get Richard Jenkins, Robert Duvall, Werner Herzog with eyes of blue ice, and, in the roles of ordinary sufferers, Alexia Fast and James Martin Kelly.
"Perhaps now with less ice, particularly with a longer summer season, the age-old dream of a fast passage to Asia can be achieved, " Delgado says.
Absorption is particularly fast in cold water so the Arctic is especially susceptible, and the recent decreases in summer sea ice have exposed more sea surface to atmospheric CO2.
Another analysis of satellite data, published in September, showed that of 111 fast-moving Greenland glaciers studied, 81 were thinning at twice the rate of the slow-moving ice beside them.
It's happening so fast that last year -- a couple of years ago, there were some incidents that occurred because of the ice condition during the whaling season, so I would like help.
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