The problem at HCA results from a combination of mis-diagnosis (treating people for coronary artery disease who did not have the disease) and self-referral (the provider who makes the false diagnosis then performs the treatment and profits by it).

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The hospital said it would also lead to fewer false alarms in diagnosis.

BBC: Derriford Hospital uses 3D imaging for cancer diagnosis

But only one in a thousand of those in fact have a malignancy and are destined to die from it. (Most of the 4, 000 deaths per year from cervical cancer are in women who either never had a Pap smear or missed having one in the five years before a cancer diagnosis.) Over their lifetimes, 40% of women get a false alarm Pap.

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