Yet they also expose investors to extra risks, including mismanagement and rising production costs.
Those wishing to invest in uranium needn't take on the extra risks of picking individual mining stocks.
Investors who choose to take extra risks in small-cap and value stocks should expect to earn higher returns.
However, they did find that women undergoing breast enhancement surgery were running extra risks - but mainly associated with the operation itself.
But they warn IVF treatment carries no guarantees - with a high failure rate and extra risks of multiple pregnancies where it is successful.
These extra risks were the justification for pulling both controversial drugs.
But a British expert said that while giving only a local anaesthetic for such a major operation had advantages, it also involved extra risks for the patient.
The less than spectacular performance of many funds might encourage managers to take extra risks--assuming more leverage, for example--but "now is not the time to start swinging for the fences, " Gradante said.
Few of America's top managers, however, yet seem to be in a mood to take on the kind of extra risks which might meet inflated growth expectations, or beat the long-term trend, until they feel confident that restructuring has indeed dealt with all the excesses of the late 1990s.
But that could mean thousands of extra heart attacks if the risks don't balance out.
"When it comes to breast cancer risks, the extra fat in obesity leads to extra estrogen production, which can lead to extra breast cell growth, including abnormal breast cell growths, " she said.
Investors should take extra care when considering the investment risks of a new venture.
Doctors such as George Blackburn, a Harvard nutritionist, are keen to point to the health risks associated with all these extra pounds.
IPPs similar to their investments in rich countries, with little extra to compensate them for the bigger political risks.
For entrepreneurs that, admittedly, take great risks for the slim chance of substantial financial success, these extra-rational motivations help to tip the balance.
FORBES: What Drives The Best Entrepreneurs? Hint: It's Not Money
Airport directors, pilots and others in the aviation sector have argued that stripping away an extra layer of safety during the most critical stages of flight will elevate risks and at the very least slow years of progress that made the U.S. aviation network the safest in the world.
Many landlords may also decide that the best way to handle the extra risk that shorter leases entail is through a diversified portfolio ie, by pooling their risks with other landlords.
Consumers understand many of the risks of shopping on line, although the majority of respondents look to the banks to provide extra protection.
Thus, whereas other animal species must resort to constant vigilance to reduce the risks of infidelity, humans (or at least those who have a faith) have an extra tool in the box: religion.
He is talking about the risks that many investors face as they pile into bonds with longer durations, in order to pick up extra yield.
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