The principal aim of these policy instruments was to promote development, social empowerment (poverty alleviation) and environmental conservation through participatory or community-based management and exploitation or utilisation of forests and forest resources.

UNESCO: Community-Based Forestry Management Programme

With a focus on key topical issues such as marine pollution, exploitation and hazards, chapters range from the history of ocean management to current advances in marine science, observation and management applications, and the international agencies active in co-ordinating this work.

UNESCO: Troubled Waters