"The proper solution would involve hundreds of millions of pounds whereas this is a low-cost experimental idea, " he added.

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In the 1950s, Ford worked on what it called internally the "E Car" E for experimental to be priced between its low-cost Ford and more upscale Mercury badges.

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To fix chronic underfunding and speed drug approvals, Congress in 1992 passed a law forcing drug companies to pick up the cost of safety reviews via application fees for experimental medicines.

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This lowers the cost per test, ensures that learning is retained, and maximizes the chances of the experimental regime outlasting individual sponsors and team leaders.

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