In turn, they are a high risk for the franchise, who, despite all manner of available tools, is ultimately left to estimate what message is sent, how it is interpreted, and what are its real results.

FORBES: NFL Experiments With Fan-Controlled In-Stadium Technology

Business figures such as John Cridland of the CBI say the message they are getting from businesses on the ground is a lot more upbeat than this preliminary estimate would suggest.

BBC: UK GDP: A nasty surprise and a puzzle