In 814, Emperor Charlemagne, king of the Franks 768-814, died.

CNN: Wednesday,

At the imperial durbar at which King Edward VII was proclaimed Emperor of India, the Viceroy, Lord Curzon, rode on the grandest elephant of all.

BBC: No white elephants in this herd

There are 17 species of penguin, most of which live in the Southern Hemisphere , home base to six stellar species: the Adelie, Chinstrap, Emperor, Gentoo, King and Macaroni.

FORBES: Penguin Lookouts: Five Top Stops

Eventually he became court painter to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Philip II, King of Spain.

ECONOMIST: The greatest painter of the Venetian Renaissance

In creating a state cult around himself, Kim blended communism with something that, with rich irony, most closely resembled Japan's emperor system between the wars: he became a neo-Confucian sun king, the nation's moral as well as political father.

ECONOMIST: Jaw-jaw

Pope Gregory VII may have humiliated the Emperor Henry IV, as Innocent III later humiliated Philip Augustus of France and King John of England.

ECONOMIST: Medieval history

George Mudie, Labour MP for Leeds East, told the governor he had come "into this room a King and left an Emperor".

BBC: Treasury Committee

In 1941, Kaiser Wilhelm II, ninth king of Prussia and third German emperor from 1888-1918, died in exile in the Netherlands.

CNN: Wednesday,