Although this method is considered the gold standard for estimating sodium intake, that lone urine test may not provide an accurate snapshot of the participants' everyday intake over the full eight-year study, as the researchers themselves note.
It is interesting to note that the 2016 has Arizona as its top state, and California is not even in its top eight holdings, while the 2017 is heavily weighted toward California with the state making up 16.63% of the portfolio.