Thus, our study indicates that smoking mentholated cigarettes does not appear to influence risk over and above the effect of smoking per se.
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Since then, a number of studies have addressed this question and have consistently failed to show that menthol has any effect beyond that of smoking per se.
FORBES: Will Removing Menthol From Cigarettes Improve Health?
But I used medians to soften the impact of outlier attendances, and the Dickey effect still holds up when attendance is analyzed per day-of-the-week.
If the acquirer's stock is trading at a richer multiple than the acquiree's, the deals will have the effect of making the acquirer's earnings per share march upward, even without any growth in any of the business operations.
FTAs with the United States (although his country in effect has one, sending 1.5m barrels per day of oil tariff-free).
Fortunately, recently, professors Nick Bloom, Toby Kretschmer, and John van Reenen (from Stanford, the University of Munich, and the London School of Economics) conducted an extensive study examining the effect of family-friendly practices on hard variables such as firm sales per employee and return on capital employed, using a large database of firms from the US, the UK, Germany, and France.
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But budget cuts of up to 20% per year are having a damaging effect on staff and prisoners, inspectors said.
But we have to be very careful indeed in translating a per unit gross margin into the effect on the bottom line of the company.
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HBO, for its part, is trying to undo the dilutive effect it caused by framing too many fringe fights as mega events worthy of pay-per-view status, only to see them flop.
Western donors made up much of the aid gap (Mongolians get among the highest number of aid dollars per head in the world), but to dismayingly small effect.
The net effect of these changes is that the tax liability of everyone that currently pays tax at 40 per cent will be unaffected by the increase in the personal allowance.
And in either case the effect, except in a stock trading at a very high multiple of earnings, is to increase earnings per share.
The research showed that only 25 to 50 per cent of anticipated coastline change in these areas can be predicted using the Bruun effect.
The minister replied that a charge of up to 70p per unit could be imposed, and that the higher the price the greater the effect in combating the ill-effects of alcohol.
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