The Laffer effect is much stronger with capital gains taxes because ultimately capital gains are realized voluntarily.
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This could encourage workers to pass up potential job opportunities. (It could also encourage people to register as unemployed, without affecting underlying labour supply.) Most studies suggest that the extensions can be blamed for an increase in the unemployment rate of about a percentage point, although a new report from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco says the effect is much smaller, just 0.4 percentage points.
This is the effect much loved by the Keynesian money-manipulators, which is why governments have experimented with manipulable floating currencies for literally millennia.
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The effect is that shareholders receive much lower dividends as owners, than might otherwise be the case.
But would you consider that the far more significant effect is likely to be much less complicated.
With the top up, the effect of road conditions is much less.
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It remains likely that this area will see the biggest changes in the new treaty, but whether they will have much effect is less clear.
Indeed, inside Hollywood stardom is defined at least as much by its effect on studios as it is by its effect on fans.
None of these is having much effect in Britain.
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The authors find an effect of housing wealth on consumer spending that is both much lower than earlier research suggests and a lot smaller than the effect of changes in equity wealth.
Much of this effect is thought to be due to the oestrogen component.
The effect of incarceration, however, is much smaller than commonly thought because so few criminals are ever caught, let alone prosecuted .
But even exit screening, he says, is unlikely to have much effect because of the virus' long incubation period.
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Nepotism isn't a good way to run a modern company, but it is unlikely to have much effect on Samsung Electronics.
After three years of belt-tightening, the combination of these forces is proving too much for increasing numbers of businesses, although the effect on employment is as yet only modest.
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As Alan Rubenstein pointed out at our Investment Conference in March, it is clear that FRS 17 is having a much greater effect on pension schemes than either the ASB or the Government expected.
The bottom screen is 3 inches and is a touchscreen, like that of the Nintendo DS. A 3-D depth slider on the right side of the top screen lets you control how much 3-D effect is shown, from completely off to fairly deep 3-D.
The truth is that with a law that takes effect over the next decade, anything can happen--and much is expected to.
Now that the U.S. has already been flooded with liquidity, more easing is unlikely to have much positive effect.
So Mr Wallace, whose party has 17 seats in the Scottish Parliament and is in coalition government with the much bigger Labour Party, which has 55, is in effect Scotland's prime minister, presiding at cabinet meetings and answering first minister's questions in the Parliament.
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"We did not find strong evidence that the effect of work stress on heart disease is worse for those in lower grades - the effect of stress was pretty much the same across different grades, " said Dr Chandola.
"It is time to stop waffling so much and say that the evidence is pretty strong that the greenhouse effect is here, " he told reporters after that appearance.
One effect of recent rapid growth is that companies have had much less incentive to restructure.
Moneyfacts says the side effect is that lenders do not need to compete as much as before to attract savers' money.
But even if it is, it is so much smaller that its environmental effect would have been both minor and local.
What is the net effect in other words, how much does using fossil fuels add to the problem, how much does it reduce it?
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Equally important, it is not clear how much of an effect a one-off rebate will have on consumption, or how quickly that effect will come through.
But it is unlikely, sadly, to have much effect on Myanmar's military regime.
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Critics have said the measures could have have a detrimental effect on the higher education sector, which is reliant for much of its income on foreign students.
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