He was educated at the elite Ecole Nationale d'Administration, where he met Royale in 1978.
Launched as a regional movement, the Ecole de Nancy successfully used Paris as a national showcase.
For all its creative excellence, the Ecole de Nancy was, then, no effete ivory tower.
After graduating from France's Ecole Polytechnique, he did not follow 80% of his classmates into a government job.
Both are longtime party apparatchiks and, like Ms Royal, graduates of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration, France's elite civil-service college.
In addition, the famed Ecole Ritz Escoffier, popular for its guest cooking classes, is being expanded, and the hotel's exterior restored.
After attending top schools in Paris, he passed through the Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA), the graduate school for generations of senior French officials.
He was educated at the elite Ecole National d'Administration (ENA), where in 1978 he met Royal, and the couple started a three-decades relationship.
French industrialists, scholars and local government have set up a group to promote the Ecole de Nancy abroad as well as in France.
In addition to Trium, French Grande Ecole, HEC Paris offers no less than five locations for their executive MBA, in Paris, Beijing, Shanghai, St.
Louis Majorelle, the Ecole's vice-president, made sure that the servants' quarters at his own lopsidedly beautiful Villa Jika had their share of decorative ceramics.
Its politics is influenced by super-civil servants: the graduates (only about 100 a year) of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration, or ENA, based in Strasbourg.
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They are still dominated by the alumni of France's famous ENA, the Ecole Nationale d'Administration, and by officials who have worked at the Ministry of Finance.
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His family moved to Lebanon when he was a toddler, and he later studied engineering at Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole des Mines de Paris in France, where he is a citizen.
Alice Kaplan, a close student of French intellectual life, quotes an anti-Nazi teacher who, when coaching pupils for the Ecole's entrance exam, wondered if they would put their intelligence and learning to misuse.
Upstream of the Ecole, John Ruskin and William Morris's Arts and Crafts movement gave early inspiration to the Nancy creators, who later attained a measure of American notoriety via the 1893 Chicago Universal Exhibition.
The occasional crash aside, there has been no great increase in correlation between stockmarkets in different countries for several decades, according to Bruno Solnik, an economist at the Haute Ecole de Commerce in Paris.
Born in Strasbourg, France, Stephan is an engineer and entrepreneur who met two of his co-founders, Stephane Dehoche and Thomas Boudalier at Ecole Centrale de Paris, and third co-founder, Benoit Gourdon shortly thereafter.
The Ecole's architectural commissions illustrated this link: private townhouses for doctors, a coal merchant and a brewer, for example, as well as the construction or (re)decoration of a printing works, grain store, furrier's shop, department stores and, significantly, a church and three banks.
Of the top jobs in both the public and the private sector, almost all are held by graduates of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration or the Ecole Polytechnique, a collective total of fewer than 400 a year who will spend the rest of their lives giving each other jobs.
Dana Diminescu, of France's Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, recently discovered that 11 villages in the Oas region of northern Romania, a poor farming area of about 70, 000 people, had generated a regular pattern of illegal migrants to Paris, almost all of whom eventually went back home.
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