Russia has also imposed anti-dumping duties on Ukrainian pipes, one of the country's main exports.
Anti-dumping duties are a more fashionable (and more insidious) form of protectionism these days.
This would give anti-dumping duties to the companies that the duties are designed to protect.
Second, imports also fell sharply last year, thanks in part to a welter of anti-dumping duties.
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And while market conditions change quickly, anti-dumping duties are reviewed only after five years.
Governments often impose anti-dumping duties on foreign products to right this terrible wrong.
However, on April 19th Argentina announced anti-dumping duties on some Brazilian steel products.
Although rich countries, notably America and the European Union, have traditionally been the ardent users of anti-dumping duties, India now rivals them.
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It has begun, for the first time, to calculate the real cost to poor countries of tariffs, anti-dumping duties and non-tariff barriers in rich markets.
Many emerging economies have yet to weigh in, but they may embrace international competition standards as a way to restrict rich countries' use of anti-dumping duties.
Patrick Messerlin, an economist at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques in Paris, estimates that, because of this pro-cartel effect, anti-dumping duties are generally twice as costly to the economy as equivalent import tariffs.
The government recently imposed fresh anti-dumping duties on Chinese imports of sodium bicarbonate, for example, at the request of Penrice Soda Holdings, Australia's sole producer of soda-ash crystals, which appear in everything from animal feed to antacids.
The Europeans are cross at American misuse of trade-protection instruments, such as anti-dumping and countervailing duties.
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Brazil fumes (and rightly so) over anti-dumping and other punitive duties on its most competitive exports, including shoes and orange juice as well as steel.
Under the WTO Antidumping Agreement (ADA), governments are permitted to have antidumping laws and to apply antidumping duties to redress dumping that is found to be a cause of material injury to the domestic industry producing the same or similar products.
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The United States and China have exchanged accusations of dumping for years and imposed tit-for-tat duties.
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