The effects of military service vary with time and within different groups of the population.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Military service benefits civilian life

The survey covered 10% of the population and included different genders and age groups, as well as people from different backgrounds.

UNESCO: Opinion survey

So, for example, in Papua New Guinea, where I do my field work, the biggest single group among the thousand different tribal groups in Papua New Guinea numbers only 3 percent of the population.

NPR: Tribalism and Stability in Kenya