We also do see aluminum supply and demand surplus continue to shrink.
And while domestic demand in surplus economies flags, the imbalances that have contributed to the current crisis will not right themselves, and will encourage protectionism.
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"Much more needs to be done to promote effective global rebalancing, which requires stronger demand in surplus countries and continued progress toward greater exchange rate flexibility, " Mr Lew said.
The glut exacerbates the inefficiency by forcing the utilities to rely on dirtier and less efficient sources of power to meet peak demand rather than simply redirecting surplus power from low demand to high-demand markets.
They were part of a promotion that had come to an end, or were surplus to demand and risked passing their sell-by-date.
Better still, China's growth next year will come entirely from domestic demand, as its trade surplus shrinks.
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The economy also grew faster than expected, fuelling demand and eroding the power surplus South Africa enjoyed for years.
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Farmers also worry about uncertain market demand, pointing to the big surplus that developed in 2001.
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This will move the region from a current-account deficit to a surplus, causing the demand for dollars to subside.
With stimulative fiscal and monetary policy bolstering domestic demand, China's current-account surplus has shrunk by two-thirds, from 10% of GDP in 2007.
Wages and domestic demand would rise and the current-account surplus would fall.
Demand for raw materials and the related trade surplus, a surge in the Australian dollar and increase in interest rates are twisting the economy, strengthening western mining regions while undercutting tourism and nonmining industries.
Both surplus and deficit countries would benefit if there was a more balanced program in which the surplus countries were focused on internal demand, there was a more market-based approach to the currencies, and the deficit countries thereby were able to export more -- and that would also make it easier for them to deal with their unemployment issues.
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Fiscal and monetary stimulus, which jolted domestic demand, has caused China's current-account surplus to narrow dramatically, from 10.1% of GDP in 2007 to a projected 2.9% this year, according to Nomura, a financial services group, which sees it almost disappearing by 2013.
What do you typically get when you mix hot demand and a generous supply of competitors willing to offload their surplus?
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Still, he looks for silver investment to again be strong enough to absorb any surplus in which mine and scrap supply exceeds fabrication demand, as was the case last year.
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Still, the further the currency sinks, and the higher are the rates that investors demand for rolling over the debt, the bigger is the surplus needed to stabilise the debt ratio.
If this succeeds in stimulating demand, Japanese saving will fall and the current-account surplus in due course will narrow. (In the short term, however, most of the effect will be masked by a cheaper yen.) Perhaps demand in Japan is already stronger than the figures suggest.
Surplus places at some schools are expected to meet the demand but some new schools will be needed.
The Australian trade surplus unexpectedly slipped during July possibly hinting at weakening overseas demand and further blunting demand for the local dollar.
In the past we have argued that colleges have produced a surplus of college graduates (at least in terms of the labor market demand for workers with a college education).
Surplus countries should allow and reinforce expansion in their domestic economies to stimulate demand for imports while deficit countries were supposed to tighten domestic conditions and policies to stimulate exports relative to imports.
For those who have some policy space about letting automatic stabilizers do their work, about using discretionary measures, you will see good language in there, again, about how those surplus economies really need to take concrete actions to shift to more domestic demand-led growth, including by using exchange rates, but also by using domestic measures.
That means that surplus countries are going to have to think about how are we spurring domestic demand.
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But another way it can get around the apparently growing demand for stolen client data in Europe is to spread its wealth management operations farther eastward, where surplus-wielding governments are not as desperate to rake in tax revenue by targeting tax evaders.
The export-led growth models of other surplus economies such as Germany and Japan are also both going to have to give way to greater domestic demand.
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