Either way, debt ratios will rise, and the competitiveness gap with Germany will widen.
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Their values, their book values, liquidate values, bad debt ratios, ROEs, ROAs, whatever you want to look at, were improving.
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Such investments, borrowed at near-zero interest rates, need not increase debt ratios if their contribution to economic growth raises tax collections.
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The improvement in ratings is underpinned by emerging-market governments' strong external balance-sheets (record levels of foreign-exchange reserves and falling external debt ratios).
Arguing that South Korean accounting overstates some parts of debt ratios conveniently ignores that it understates others, especially secret debt-guarantees to subsidiaries.
"In order to bring debt ratios back on a downward path, euro-area countries should not unravel their efforts to reduce government budget deficits, " he said.
In fact, the Office for Budget Responsibility's forecasts - on which Mr Cameron's economic strategy depends - show household debt ratios going up over the next few years.
They crunched these numbers and concluded that debt in excess of 90% of GDP results in economic growth approximately 2 percentage points less than for countries with lower debt ratios.
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The study finds that on the basis of real time rules, expenditure and debt ratios in 2009 for the euro area aggregate would not have been much different with neutral expenditure policies than actually experienced.
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We can get very technical about deficit and debt ratios to GDP and why those are so important, particularly when you talk about debt-to-GDP ratios and getting that trajectory in the right place for the long term.
And South Korean accounting rules can make the picture seem worse than it is: for example, unlike their western counterparts, South Korean car makers carry their customers' car loans on their own books, which Mr Bae estimates nearly doubles their debt ratios.
What is striking is that there has been modest reductions in the indebtedness of British households and non-financial companies over the past three years, to 98% and 109% of GDP respectively - which are still high levels of leverage or high debt ratios by historic standards.
To the contrary, the longer he operated the team, the worse the debt equity ratios.
After 1980, debt to GDP ratios rose steadily in almost all the developed nations.
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The president-elect has pledged to retain dollarisation, but his commitment to reducing the country's debt-servicing ratios has raised the prospect of another default.
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It has the biggest debt and deficit ratios among the euro zone's AAA-rated countries, and its banks are dangerously exposed to southern Europe.
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Foreign debt to GDP ratios reached as high as 167% and the International Monetary Fund was obliged to step in with a rescue package.
As a result, the country slid into the worst recession in its postwar history, aggravating rather than improving deficit and debt to GDP ratios.
The Fed has restored family wealth to its pre-recession high-water mark and individual and institutional debt-equity ratios still rest too heavy in the fixed income sector.
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Existing and impending austerity measures laid down by Brussels in May are braking economic activity and making it unlikely that Portugal can maintain required debt to GDP ratios.
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When I am measuring the true indebtedness of an enterprise, I like looking at liabilities as a percentage of oversimplified enterprise value even more than I like looking at debt to equity ratios.
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This will relieve the chaebol of their crippling interest payments and help them to reduce their debt-equity ratios to a target of less than 200% (compared with 400-500% now) by the end of next year.
Robert Polin told the BBC that between 2000 and 2010, the average rate of growth in countries with debt above 90% of GDP had actually been higher than it had been in countries with lower debt to GDP ratios.
From there, the field is narrowed down to those with debt-to-equity ratios of less than 1.0, eliminating those stocks whose debt burdens may prevent them from growing distributions substantially going forward.
It can seem arcane, understandably, when I and others stand up and talk about debt-to-GDP ratios and the need to not default on our obligations and to raise the debt ceiling.
The scary fiscal projections beloved by worrywarts tend to show rising ratios of debt to GDP, driven by growing health-care costs and rising interest rates.
Smaller firms, which account for more than three-quarters of the economy, have ratios of debt to equity almost twice those of big companies and are thus more vulnerable to rising rates.
On average emerging-market governments now have much lower debt-to-GDP ratios than their developed peers.
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