Today, most alternative energy technologies that are discussed--wind, solar, tides, waves, clean coal, nuclear fission and, perhaps one day, fusion--are useful only for making electricity.

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It can even depend on what time of day the batteries are charged because night-time electricity is less dependent on coal.

BBC: How environmentally friendly are electric cars?

Build enough coal-to-liquids plants and places like Montana and West Virginia could one day become major petroleum producers.

NEWYORKER: Unconventional Crude

To those concerned about emissions, it emphasized that the 400, 000-barrel-a-day refinery, plus an integrated gasification combined cycle plant, could sequester carbon more cheaply than a coal plant.

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