Ten-year-old data protocols did not require keeping every scrap of data and calculation.
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Correlations with lowland meteorological records were used for correcting raw field data and for final calculation of mass balance parameters.
But I do believe that when the initial estimates came that there were -- it was 5, 000 barrels spilling into the ocean per day, that was based on satellite imagery and satellite data that would give a rough calculation.
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In both cases, several unrelated types of calculation, using independent data sets, and running on a range of computers in different organisations that may not fully trust one another, have to be threaded together to achieve a coherent answer.
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This allows the phone to do a quick shorthand calculation to provide GPS satellite data based on nearby Wi-Fi hotspots and cell tower data, instead of phoning home ET-style.
The Calculation: To quantify the data, I measured each of those four statistics (YTD return, number of up days, standard deviation, and maximum drawdown) against all other stocks and gave them a score from zero to 100.
On one page there was a complex mathematical calculation of how fast each cell tower could carry data.
Last week, researchers who were given access to the original data and spreadsheet used by Reinhart and Rogoff announced they had discovered calculation errors.
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If the server farm is doing a lot of work to take in cell tower distance data and spit back car locations, it can certainly do each calculation faster than any endpoint, particularly a small one, but what happens when 1 million endpoints are hitting the cloud at the same time?
Data-gathering on such a scale is quite a feat, but the calculation of benefits is even harder.
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This calculation is not a perfect apples to apples comparison using the same data source for both sales periods.
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However, the precision of this calculation is somewhat to be questioned because it is based on 2011 data and also because it excludes the banks' huge financial trading activities.
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