Then the Nazis latched on to it and a sign bearing the inscription appeared at the Dachau concentration camp, set up by Heinrich Himmler in 1933 to use dissidents as slave labour.
The remarkable German actor Ulrich Matthes, with his spooked, black-eyed stare, burns with rage and mortification in the role of Henri Kremer, an anti-Nazi Catholic priest from Luxembourg who was interned at Dachau in 1942.