But cultural explanations of immigrant behaviour also collide with belief in the integration model.
ECONOMIST: Six years on, the banlieues are still a world apart
Prof van Leeuwen posited that a preference for a particular style would be "a strong indication that this behaviour follows cultural patterns".
The idea that these and some 30 other behaviour patterns are cultural rather than genetic was supported by the fact that particular sub-species (which differ from one another genetically) are not associated with particular behaviours.
Many epidemiologists have argued that, if there is a relationship, it is not a matter of the removal of the foreskin but of the sexual behaviour of the cultural, ethnic or religious groups that are either circumcised or not circumcised.
But he must also set out his vision for the BBC, as a publicly-funded news and cultural organisation in a world of rapidly changing technology and behaviour - and tighter public finances.
Harlem was then the unofficial capital of Negro America, with its own codes of behaviour and refinement, its own high society and cultural elite.
Behaviour patterns found at all sites were deemed as likely to be genetic as cultural (leaf-sponging turned out to be in this category), as were those whose absence was due to some environmental factor (fishing algae out of ponds is impossible where there are no algae to fish).
So, again, when considering the lecherous behaviour of disc jockeys and other pop celebrities in the past, we need to remember the cultural framework within which it happened.
The problem that confronted Dr Whiten and Dr Boesch was how to disentangle which of chimpanzees' many behaviour patterns are genetically instinctive, which are learnt by individuals in isolation (and so are not cultural, because not copied from others) and which are culturally transmitted (by animals copying one another).
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