Dollar-cost averaging forces us to do what doesn't come naturally, or as Mr. Malkiel puts it, "exactly what our emotions tell us not to do" buy more shares when prices are low and fewer when prices are high.
As the previous Labour government found to its cost as UK forces fought on two fronts in Iraq and Afghanistan, amid front pages about overstretch and an army "running hot", defence can become an explosive political issue.
Another victory for good health against the evil forces of cost-cutting?
Short of Paul Ryan's premium-support plan, the only chance for reform worth the name is "comprehensive cost-sharing" that forces individuals to confront at least some of the costs of their own care.
The second area of strain is over the cost of the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) in the years to come.
Only IBM, with its huge mainframe and services businesses, seems able to defend itself as Dell turns once-profitable products into commodities and forces competitors into a cost-cutting game they cannot win.
"These states are lower cost areas, but their labor forces are not competitive and therefore are not going to attract venture capital money or big outside investments, " says Mark Zandi, chief economist at Economy.com.
If implemented, the package of recommended changes offers the prospect of greater robustness and credibility for U.S. strategic forces, possibly at lower cost than the current program and with greater public support.
Cost-cutting is being driven by two forces: new distribution channels and mergers.
More realistically, market forces will drive clearing and settlement houses to join forces, because it is more cost-efficient when buyer, seller and security are linked.
What all this means is that the cost of medical care is subject to market forces that diverge strongly from the prices patients would pay in a free market.
"It is the second year of a budget crisis that has force it to devote most state funds to paying salaries and maintaining employment at the cost of both development and creating effective security forces, " Cordesman said.
Defence Secretary Liam Fox said nothing is ruled out in the review which will examine what sort of armed forces are needed in future and the cost involved.
This is an abysmal failure of free market forces to converge the end price with the cost of production.
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Increases in capability in these programs will minimize the need to have vast numbers of ground and air forces and result in greater effectiveness with less cost.
Meanwhile, initial estimates of the cost of UK Libya operations have been released by Armed Forces Minister Nick Harvey in response to a parliamentary question in the House of Commons.
Recommendations should include the number of forces needed and estimates of how much it would cost, according to the resolution.
These twin forces rise at exponential rates toward infinite capability and zero cost.
"The production cost until now has been prohibitive, so by collaborating and joining forces they will be hoping to accelerate development, " he said.
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Nuclear energy's best hope lies in carbon pricing, which forces fossil-fuel plants to pay for the environmental cost of the carbon they generate.
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In other words, they magnify the effectiveness of existing conventional weapons systems by an order of magnitude, allowing existing forces to be more effective without a commensurate increase in cost.
We would like to see a nationwide market in insurance and for any state where insurance cost is above the national average, there ought to be competitive forces brought to bear.
Armed Forces Minister John Spellar said it was not possible to estimate the cost of re-locating the Defence Aviation Repair Agency (DARA) from St Athan.
It is thus worth noting that there is no cost-push inflation to work against or counter the reduction of demand-pull forces that would intensify inflation.
Roberts added that in times of drought, flood or other forces of nature that hurt farmers, Congress generally passes disaster relief bills that cost billions and are bureaucratic nightmares.
Israel would eventually overcome the Syrian and Egyptians forces on the battlefield, but it was a frightfully close affair, and ultimately cost the lives of 2, 688 soldiers.
Yet, allowing patients to face the discipline of market forces rather than shielding them entirely (as is done in Canada, where cost sharing for health services guaranteed under federal law is prohibited) has the potential to reduce spending by nearly a third.
"Recognizing budget realities, current Defense policy states that outreach events can only be supported with local assets at no cost to the government, " said a statement Tuesday from the office of the Commander Naval Air Forces in San Diego.
One way or another, that increases the total cost of the ETF to the issuer, but expense ratios of the ETF are held down by competitive forces.
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