Kailing focuses on total cost, which includes engineering overhead and other expenses.
No one breathed a word about the vast potential cost of re-engineering the world to suit the vision for which Pachauri received his award.
Engineering, cost and logistical constraints figure front and center.
"Until Detroit learns that collaboration gets you far lower costs than constantly aggravating competition, it will be engineering high cost cars, " he says, adding that a quick face-lift won't save Detroit car makers from bankruptcy.
The hold-up is cost, especially real estate cost, and some untested engineering.
Hydrogen research is a drop in the bucket compared with the annual cost of, say, engineering new vehicles and getting plants tooled up to build them.
Tanti is positioning Suzlon to get a fair chunk of that growth by being a low-cost producer and is collecting engineering talent so Suzlon can continually improve technology.
Hopefully they will cost less, because Crusoe chips are less expensive and you don't need as much cost in a notebook for thermal engineering.
One of the major obstacles to genetic engineering has been the cost and labor involved in changing even a small number of genes in an organism.
Preschool, for most just a few hours a day in the mornings, can cost more than studying for an engineering degree at Michigan, and much more at some very selective schools.
The issue is significant because it could influence the debate over whether to seal off Lake Michigan from the Chicago waterways, a mammoth engineering task that would cost billions of dollars and take years to complete.
If Fiat had no engineering partner to share the cost of vehicle development, fixing Alfa would be impossible, he said.
All else being equal, lighter will cost more, thanks to the extra engineering required to cram functionality into a smaller case.
When changes are made the algorithms make engineering adjustments, calculate the cost and send a bill of materials to the factory floor.
Teams are to include an urban designer, architect, structural, civil and services engineering, landscape architect and a cost consultant.
When changes are made to a Blue model in CATIA, the algorithms not only make the necessary engineering adjustments but also calculate the cost and send the changes and a bill of materials to the machines and workers on the factory floor.
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This kind of accounting dispute, says Michael Garvin, a professor of civil engineering at Columbia University, often happens in cost-plus deals.
The plug-and-play solution minimizes engineering effort and civil requirements and lowers initial cost, scheduling, technical, permitting and financing risks with its factory-tested components and GE warranties.
Tech hiring has picked up in places like Silicon Valley, New York and DC, but consistently the fastest growth in science, engineering and technical jobs has been in low-cost states such as North Dakota, Virginia, New Mexico, Utah and Texas.
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"The electricity used in building a car is about 20 percent of the cost of the structure, " said Marcilio Alves, an engineering professor at Brazil's premier University of Sao Paulo and one of the few independent researchers in the nation looking at car safety.
The idea is to indigenize engineering and make the process cookie-cutter to reduce cost.
They also want people with a good mix of industrial engineering knowledge and command of supply chains for efficiency, cost savings and risk reduction.
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Prof James Scanlan, of Southampton University's department of engineering and environment, is developing larger UAVs containing low-cost nylon parts produced by a 3D printer.
Projects like power generation, on the other hand, may cost hundreds of millions of dollars, since Google.org will endeavor to prove engineering concepts by building out power plants.
Because geo-engineering is a new field, the researchers chose to ignore trifles such as cost or practicality, and focused instead on the sheer physical limits on what can be done and how much good the different schemes would do.
Alan Soltani of Benham, a civil-engineering firm, reels off a list of reasons why new roads and bridges now cost so much to build.
"If this technology works on a commercial scale the way we believe it will, the treatment of wastewater could be a huge energy producer, not a huge energy cost, " said Hong Liu, an associate professor in the OSU Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering.
Although retrofitting against EMP is extremely expensive, engineering EMP resistance into a system from the beginning adds only about 1 percent to the system cost.
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