And as for the ethics of physicians going along with this idea: given the prices of new drugs, doctors should be factoring in cost as another side-effect of their prescribing.
If, as is common, one partner left all assets to the other, then this tax-free transfer in effect cost the couple one of their two estate-tax exemptions.
Those who work unsociable hours or who live in high-cost areas will benefit from several different types of bonuses - the effect of which will be different for almost every employee.
The net effect is a cost-effective view toward long-term growth and community development.
One side-effect of the cost-cutting was a labour dispute in the summer of 1997, when short-haul cabin crews went on strike to protest against changes in their working patterns.
He added that they "would therefore prefer to listen to the will of the House on this occasion" to ensure that the majority of a wider cost-cuttings programme could come into effect.
With their studios and transmitters in place, broadcasters are, in effect, fixed-cost producers.
But what about the second-order effect, the cost of replacing that same policy with another insurer in a spooked market?
Other companies have to assess their own cost of downtime and the long-term effect extended downtime would have on the company.
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Rather, take an aggressive stance on liability--on what you're responsible for and how you can control it--and the effect on cost management will be tremendous.
She said the installation of meters was a complex task and the delay allowed this to take place "in a more efficient and cost-effective manner, and to greater effect".
Forcing health plans to compete against each other is the best way to achieve high-quality coverage at the lowest cost, and implementing these reforms in Medicare can have the effect of lowering health-care costs for everyone.
Another possible macroeconomic effect of cost growth containment is a short-run impact on unemployment and employment.
Lenders to manufactured-home buyers say many of their loans would fall into the high-cost category with this regulation, which goes into effect in January.
One potential perverse effect of the law, says medical-cost analysts Milliman, is that insurers might have less incentive to drive down reimbursement rates to hospitals and doctors because that might push their administrative expenses above the ObamaCare cap of 15% of total costs.
Even the most loyal Apple supporters gritted their teeth at that, and the higher-than-usual cost for the upgrade may turn out to have an effect on sales of the software.
While representing only 1 percent of the FTC's 2012 survey, the personal cost is multi-faceted and, like some diseases, the residual effect of a fraudulent invasion can last for many years.
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Parker does not see much of an impact on low-cost carriers from the Open Skies Agreement, a treaty in effect since March that allows carriers to fly new routes into other countries.
The trade-off for the societal cost of this lost information should be the deterrent effect from criminal prosecutions.
Whether or not the administration puts a temporary stop to deep-water drilling, we can only imagine what effect the added cost of higher premiums for drilling rig insurance and more sophisticated safety equipment is going to be in the months and years ahead.
This mentality has the effect of suppressing current volatility, but at an enormous long-term cost.
Once the guidelines go into effect, no coal plants will be built unless utilities can develop a cost-effective way to capture carbon dioxide, analysts say.
While this means smaller-scale institutions can effect creations in DXJ, it also means it will cost three times as much for larger institutions to get the same notional exposure through the creation window unless those creations are all done at once.
If tariffs for capacity or kilowatt-hours are raised to compensate for declining volumes, the effect may be to drive customers from the grid (especially if storage becomes cost-effective).
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It is feared any potential benefits from the extra boost of 80bhp for up to six seconds each lap will initially be negated by the system's weight (on average 35kg) and its knock-on effect on balance, weight distribution and reliability, not to mention the cost and anxiety over its safety.
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