Essentially, what is being said is that a headline, or a small extract of a piece, is copyright material.
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For the judgement was that Antigua could now sell US copyright material without having to pay the US copyright holders.
Therefore, when Google shows a short extract of a piece in its search engine it is misappropriating copyright material and for that it should pay.
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The case for the defence was that no copyright material is actually stored on the Pirate Bay's servers and no swapping of files takes place there.
Although users typically do not read these warnings and will undoubtably use the service to store unauthorized copyright material, they cannot be said to have not been warned.
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The National Newspapers of Ireland (NNI) has decided in its collective wisdom that a simple link to one of their pages is the use of copyright material.
Prosecutors acting for the music and film companies were forced to drop a more serious charge of assisting copyright infringement in favour of a charge of helping to make copyright material available.
Plans to block websites that host copyright infringing material are to be dumped by the government.
The move is designed to prevent people using the function being pointed to copyright infringing material.
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Schmitz, a German national, is currently fighting extradition from New Zealand to the US to be prosecuted on charges relating to copyright-infringing material being made available through Megaupload.com and its partner sites.
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U.S. District Judge Denise Cote rejected Meltwater's claims that its use of Web stories drawn from a scan of 162, 000 news websites from more than 190 countries was a fair use of copyright-protected material.
"Piracy" includes the reproduction and distribution of copies of copyright-protected material, or the communication to the public and making available of such material on on-line communication networks, without the authorisation of the right owner(s) where such authorisation is required by law.
And, with appropriate updating of copyright and licensing frameworks, cross-border flows of copyrighted material can be an opportunity for copyright owners, not a threat.
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The safest course is always to get permission from the copyright owner before using copyrighted material.
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In a significant legal victory for YouTube , a judge ruled that the website had not infringed copyright laws by hosting copyrighted material on its website.
In the US it blocks sites known to carry material that violates copyright, while in France and Germany it deletes listings for neo-Nazi and race hate groups.
It said the system will rely on humans to review the entire content of every file to make sure it qualifies as material protected under copyright laws.
According to its transparency report, Google complied with 97% of the requests it received for links to material published outside copyright to be removed from its search engine between June and December 2011.
The provisions protect web service providers from infringement liability if they remove infringing material when requested by copyright holders.
But it can hardly be compared with the damage done by record companies and the movie industry in complaining about, and removing, fan sites and material which allegedly infringed copyright.
And that case is about whether companies that put out a lot of uncopyrighted material are liable for the copyright infringement that the users of their services are doing.
It can be difficult to locate copyright holders to obtain the rights to reuse old material.
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Copyright law already applies to search engines republished copyrighted material they scrape.
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The notices are requests for individual web addresses to be removed from Google's search engine results because they contain material uploaded without the permission of the copyright holders.
YouTube was found to have swiftly removed infringing material upon receiving notice from Viacom of specific copyright infringement.
The Fair Use Doctrine, copied and pasted below from the US Copyright Office stipulates that it is legal and permissible to use copyrighted material under the fair use doctrine for purposes of parody.
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The prosecution claims the site provides a search engine that helps people find and download copyrighted material including movies, music and games -- in effect, enabling copyright theft.
It says that copyright laws often hamper efforts to make accessible versions of books, denying access to reading material for blind people.
Viacom originally sued YouTube for copyright infringement in 2007, claiming that YouTube knowingly and intentionally infringed on its copyrights and deliberately permitted copyrighted material to remain on its site.
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