It allows the creation of parts in shapes that conventional techniques cannot achieve, resulting in new, much more efficient designs in aircraft wings or heat exchangers, for example.
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Souped-up hybrid crops, such as maize, bred through conventional techniques rather than high-tech genetic engineering, do not keep their desired properties from one generation to the next because of natural genetic shuffling.
As a result, field trials with these plants are 10 to 20 times as expensive as experiments with virtually identical plants modified with less precise, conventional techniques, so only a minuscule fraction of potentially important plants developed in university and corporate laboratories ever make it into field trials.
In one oft-cited 1985 study, lawyers who searched a 350, 000-page library using conventional electronic techniques were convinced they found 75% of the evidence relevant to the case.
The study's genetic analysis was carried out using conventional chemical techniques, which make it possible to spot the presence of two or three genes in a particular sample.
Conventional cooling techniques such as fans and heat sinks do not work as well with the 3D technology, particularly as heat has to be drawn away from between the individual chips.
Two flexible Sample Decks can add up to eight simultaneous one-shot samples or beat-synced loops to the mix, opening up creative remixing and mash-up possibilities that go far beyond conventional DJing techniques.
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D. in plant virology from the University of Bath in the U.K. in 1991, she tried various conventional hybridization techniques to outbreed the viruses that wipe out the otherwise drought-resistant and energy-rich tuber.
Unscientific and discriminatory EPA and USDA regulatory policies make field trials with genetically engineered plants 10 to 20 times more expensive than a similar plant engineered with less precise, less predictable conventional genetic techniques.
However it has a lower success rate than conventional assisted conception techniques, such as IVF, because ice crystals can form inside the unfertilised egg and damage its contents.
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Those components are made elsewhere, using conventional, plastic-hostile techniques.
In spite of the scientific consensus that the new techniques of genetic engineering are essentially extensions, or refinements, of conventional (but less precise and less predictable) techniques of genetic modification, both U.N. entities have established requirements for the products of genetic engineering (whether plants or food derived from them) that no conventionally modified product could meet.
Thousands of U.S. troops have come through the Baghdad-based COIN academy to learn how to combat insurgents in Iraq with techniques that differ greatly from conventional warfare.
Norwood is accustomed to going against the conventional wisdom when creating brilliant, new surgical techniques.
If anything, they are likely to be safer, because the techniques used to make them are far more precise and predictable than older, conventional methods of genetic improvement.
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