In theory, a consumer is supposed to pay sales tax on purchases from out-of-state retailers.
"An insurer could contend that a subscription to 'Hang Gliding Monthly' is predictive of highly dangerous behavior, but I'm not buying that theory: The consumer may be getting the magazine for the pictures, " says Thomas Considine, New Jersey's commissioner of banking and insurance.
If its currency weakens for once, consumer spending power could shrink, in theory, and that could help inflation there, too.
Friedman also gave us Permanent Income Theory, which holds that consumer spending choices are determined more by people's long-term expectations than by their current income levels, a kind of precursor to modern consumer confidence measurements.
Mr. SWIFT: Economic theory tells us that ultimately the consumer will bear the cost and those costs just cascade right through the supply chain.
The proponents of consumer-friendly cartels still find that the data support their theory.
Consumer-driven health care may not be a fashionable academic theory.
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To test our theory, we analyzed the holdings and allocations for the top 6 Consumer staples ETFs (listed below) by market cap according to Marco Polo XTF.
Some consumer and environmental movements have flourished in rich countries, even though Olson's theory suggests that firms and polluters should have a strong organisational advantage over consumers and inhalers of dirty air.
The key conclusion of this theory is that transitory, short-term changes in income have little effect on consumer spending behavior.
FORBES: Obama's Temporary Stimulus Measures Vs. Milton Friedman
All were rooted in the same theory: If Amazon lets customers set the specs, it could conquer any number of consumer products and services.
FORBES: Inside Amazon's Idea Machine: How Bezos Decodes The Customer
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