Dr. Riskin is the CEO of Health Fidelity, provider of a commercial-grade, cloud-based natural language processing (NLP) service, and is also a Consulting Assistant Professor of Surgery at Stanford University.

FORBES: The Next Revolution in Healthcare

Referee Kevin Friend initially awarded a free-kick when John Mensah felled Jay Spearing but then pointed to the spot after consulting his assistant referee.

BBC: 'Bizarre' penalty angers Sunderland boss Steve Bruce

Striker Moses Chavula pounced on a rebound to score for Malawi but centre referee Everson Lwanja ruled the goal offside, after consulting with assistant referee Moffat Champiti.

BBC: Violence mars Malawi match

It was a marginal decision, but replays suggested that Faye - who clumsily bundled Adebayor over as the Togo international raced goalwards - was indeed the last man, and after consulting his assistant, Wiley brandished the red card.

BBC: Gareth Barry

And when Pompey did get the ball in the net, referee Graham Poll - in his last Premiership match - controversially ruled the goal out after consulting with his assistant.

BBC: Portsmouth and Arsenal found each other hard to break down

In September, the assistant town manager fired the police chief without consulting the town council, according to other town officials.

WSJ: Small-Town Politics, All-Out War