Though perhaps 150, 000 died of exhaustion or disease, some walked right across Congo and reached Congo-Brazzaville.
Congo's neighbour, the Democratic Republic of Congo, has long accused Congo of smuggling diamonds from its territory.
Thousands of other foreign troops remain in DR Congo - motivated primarily by Congo's vast mineral deposits.
President Mbeki has been playing a mediatory role in DR Congo and helped arrange the Rwanda-DR Congo peace deal.
Given the history of international looting of Congo's resources, we should help give Josephine -- and Congo -- that chance.
President Laurent Kabila of Congo stayed away from a regional summit in Mozambique called to discuss Congo's collapsing peace accord.
He formed a band, Victoria Kin, named after Victoria Brazza, a rival in the French Congo (today's Republic of Congo-Brazzaville).
The only money was in touring Africa, playing jazz clubs from Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) to the Belgian Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo).
But the WHO says it has concluded a vaccination campaign in Angola, DR Congo, Congo (Brazzaville), Namibia, Zambia, Gabon and Sao Tome.
Angola and Congo have formed a joint company to exploit Congo's oil.
Mr dos Santos has been sorely disappointed by the new presidents of Congo and Congo-Brazzaville, whom his forces helped to bring to power.
But in eastern Congo several rebel commanders disobey orders from Kinshasa, Congo's capital, and still look to their former sponsors in Kigali, Rwanda's capital.
Would the coverage the situation in Congo receives be the same if it was happening in Europe or if Congo spoke English rather than French?
Last year Affleck founded the Eastern Congo Initiative, an advocacy and grant-making group, to help improve the lives of impoverished people in eastern Congo.
The United Nations has named the Democratic Republic of Congo the "rape capital of the world, " with 15, 000 women raped in eastern Congo last year.
The deal between DR Congo and Rwanda has also collapsed, with a new rebel group, the M23, becoming increasingly active in eastern DR Congo in 2012.
Cabinda is physically separated from the rest of the country by a strip of the DR Congo and has a northern border with the Republic of Congo.
Congo-Brazzaville, a small country of about 2.5m people across the river from the other Congo (formerly Zaire), was due to hold a presidential election on July 27th.
Congo Brazzaville was named after the Congo River and the 19th century French explorer, Pierre Brazza, the first European to reach this part of the great African waterway.
After years of failed peace agreements, there is finally a chance to address the underlying interests of Rwanda, Congo and Uganda that have fueled conflict in eastern Congo.
"The world is failing in its responsibility to protect the Congo's innocent civilians, " Juliette Prodhan, the head of Oxfam in Congo, said in a statement released November 13.
Why Congo-Brazzaville and not the Democratic Republic of the Congo?
He could attract the followers of his fallen allies: Hutus from Rwanda, the late Mobutu Sese Seko's presidential guard from Congo, exiled supporters of Congo-Brazzaville's ex-President Pascal Lissouba.
The report "found evidence that Rwandan authorities have sent officers and units of the Rwanda Defense Forces" into Congo in support of Congo rebel leader Laurent Nkunda's fighters.
The countries belonging to the Great Lakes region are the following: Angola, Burundi, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
Obasanjo said the talks in Nairobi are aimed at resolving three things: a sustained cease-fire in eastern Congo, a safe corridor for humanitarian assistance in the region, and the implementation of a lasting peace in Congo.
On Friday, representatives of the civilian opposition groups in DR Congo are to meet President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa "as part of the ongoing dialogue to find peace, " according to South Africa's ambassador to DR Congo.
But in the short run his decision to invite Rwandan soldiers into Congo has met stiff resistance from enemies and allies alike, who remember that Rwanda has invaded Congo twice in recent memory, both times to terrible effect.
Through a shaky camera in the damp and dark mines of eastern Congo, filmmaker Frank Poulsen introduces us to some of the young men (and even children) toiling at the first stage of Congo's lucrative business in tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold.
The anecdotal evidence, however, is there for all to see: even tiny village markets in central Africa often sell smoked ape meat, particularly in Congo and the former Zaire, now the Democratic Republic of Congo, where it is regarded as a delicacy.
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