The ensuing commodification of the hardware however endangers the traditional business model of networking vendors such as Juniper that have relied on hardwarecomplexity to drive margins.
Enterprises and service providers are demanding more programmability and therefore flatter networking architectures that decouple the software from the hardware so that it decreases physical complexity and allows networks to scale out through virtualization.
"Brought-in" apps residing on a consumer's smartphone also eliminate the need for yet another piece of hardware to be installed in the car which only serves to add cost and complexity.