In other words, they had to offer full-time work because competition in the labor market demanded it.
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"There is good cause for concern that choice and competition does not work in favour of those from low socio-economic groups, " it added.
The Dream Team grant system, in particular, encourages leading scientists to work in collaboration, versus competition, to accelerate discovery and delivery of new cancer remedies.
This does not guarantee that an athlete will receive a multi-year deal, but at least in this small way competition can work to ensure that the most meritorious will be able to bargain for better terms.
Kentan Jackson, from Gellideg in Merthyr Tydfil, beat off competition from 55, 000 children throughout the UK and his work will be shown in a special exhibition at the new Tate Modern gallery.
"It was fierce competition in those last four or five years of the work, " he said.
Bezos has encouraged competition and a chaotic work environment to avoid bloat in the growing company.
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So it is with perfect competition: the theory may well never quite work out in the real world.
And it is also consistent with previous work from David Card et al on school competition in Canada.
These clients would gain by offering work to smaller firms in order to boost competition, but any company that does so is likely to be punished by lower share or bond prices.
Since researchers, administrators and grant-awarding bodies all take note of which work has got through this filtering mechanism, the competition to publish in the best journals is intense, and the system becomes self-reinforcing, increasing the value of those journals still further.
Capitalism works where there is competition, or at least some customer and worker involvement in which company to use or work for in an industry.
That is because the most important area for competition to take hold in Japan is not among organisations, but among the people who work in them.
There always will be healthy competition between China and the United States in developing and marketing technologies, but we must work closely together to scale up and commercialize the best ideas, regardless of whether it comes from our two nations or other countries in Europe or Asia or North America.
The aim of the act was to encourage greater competition within the industry in the hope that this would lead to an improvement in the quality of work.
Just 10 days after the competition launched in May, one of the Kaggle competitors already discovered a breakthrough that improved on the work of astronomers with years of experience.
The Microsoft research center in Beijing is one of the most sought-after work places there, and the competition is fierce.
Adrian's ambition was to work in radio sport, and he achieved his dream after entering a BBC talent competition in 2001.
And so I believe we can, with a lot of hard work and direct dialogue, avoid confrontation and manage what will be an intense competition, particularly in the economic field.
Alas, the competition can work this magic, too, and can, moreover, sell the portal-management software in a huge package that includes lots of other applications (for managing customers, employees, inventory and so on).
We had never formally structured it, but with the recent success of our Aspire Learning Consortium for Starcraft 2 and the big announcement from Riot Games for Season 3, we wanted to create a more specific way for players and teams to work towards a professional level of competition, or for eager gamers to gain skills they could utilize in the professional space.
"My two daughters have given me two new reasons to ride in addition to the motivation I have always had because of the love of competition, the team and all the work involved, " he said.
One example in particular that crystalizes their work: In partnership with Tufts University and endorsed by First Lady Michelle Obama, Skild crafted a competition to identify and reward the most creative and scalable school-based programs to fight childhood obesity.
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